Use of Multichannel Near Infrared Spectroscopy to Study Relationships Between Brain Regions and Neurocognitive Tasks of Selective/Divided Attention and 2-Back Working Memory
Use of Multichannel Near Infrared Spectroscopy to Study Relationships Between Brain Regions and Neurocognitive Tasks of Selective/Divided Attention and 2-Back Working Memory
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DOI：
10.1177/0031512517700054
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Nozomi Tomita;Shoji Imai;Yusuke Kanayama;I. Kawashima;Hiroaki Kumano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nozomi Tomita;Shoji Imai;Yusuke Kanayama;I. Kawashima;Hiroaki Kumano
虽然二分聆听（DL）最初旨在测量自下而上的选择性注意力，但它也成为测量自上而下选择性注意力的工具。这项研究调查了与自上而下选择性和分散注意力深度学习任务以及使用字母数字和日语数字声音的 2-back 任务相关的大脑区域。 36 名健康参与者接受了近红外光谱扫描，同时执行自上而下的选择性注意力 DL 任务、自上而下的分割注意力 DL 任务和 2-back 任务。计算皮尔逊相关性以显示每个大脑区域的氧-血红蛋白浓度与每个认知任务的得分之间的关系。在 DL 和 2-back 任务期间，不同的大脑区域被激活。在自上而下的选择性注意深度学习任务中激活的大脑区域是左前额下回和左岛盖部。在自上而下的分散注意力DL任务中，左颞极区被激活，而在2-back任务中，左额极区和左背外侧前额叶皮层被激活。作为每项任务测量不同认知和大脑区域功能这一发现的进一步证据，三项任务的正确答案百分比以及选择性注意力任务和分割注意力任务的反应时间均不相互相关。因此，本研究中使用的 DL 和 2-back 任务可以评估认知、大脑相关功能障碍的多个领域，以探索它们与不同精神和神经发育障碍的关系。
While dichotic listening (DL) was originally intended to measure bottom-up selective attention, it has also become a tool for measuring top-down selective attention. This study investigated the brain regions related to top-down selective and divided attention DL tasks and a 2-back task using alphanumeric and Japanese numeric sounds. Thirty-six healthy participants underwent near-infrared spectroscopy scanning while performing a top-down selective attentional DL task, a top-down divided attentional DL task, and a 2-back task. Pearson’s correlations were calculated to show relationships between oxy-Hb concentration in each brain region and the score of each cognitive task. Different brain regions were activated during the DL and 2-back tasks. Brain regions activated in the top-down selective attention DL task were the left inferior prefrontal gyrus and left pars opercularis. The left temporopolar area was activated in the top-down divided attention DL task, and the left frontopolar area and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were activated in the 2-back task. As further evidence for the finding that each task measured different cognitive and brain area functions, neither the percentages of correct answers for the three tasks nor the response times for the selective attentional task and the divided attentional task were correlated to one another. Thus, the DL and 2-back tasks used in this study can assess multiple areas of cognitive, brain-related dysfunction to explore their relationship to different psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.