The application of transgenic and knockout mouse technology for the study of viral pathogenesis.
The application of transgenic and knockout mouse technology for the study of viral pathogenesis.
复制标题
转基因和基因敲除小鼠技术在病毒发病机制研究中的应用。
DOI：
10.1006/viro.2000.0337
复制
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Patterson,CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rall,GF;Lawrence,DM;Patterson,CE
In 1996, a chapter was written for the text “Viral Pathogenesis” in which the basics of transgenic and knockout technology were outlined, and some novel mouse models with relevance to viral pathogenesis were described (Rall and Oldstone, 1996). At that time, the selection of models for inclusion in this chapter was reasonably straightforward because the concept of transgenic and knockout mice was fairly new, and few laboratories had easy access to such methodologies. The dramatic increase in the use of genetically modified mouse models over the past 4 years has been enhanced by many technological advances. For example, the conditional expression or ablation of genes of interest using Cre/loxP recombination, the specific isolation of cells of interest from tissues with laser capture microdissection, the use of tetramer assays to precisely quantify antigenspecific lymphocytes, and the application of microarrays to assess gene expression profiles in whole organs have all contributed to the increased sophistication of the questions being pursued with genetically engineered mice.Manipulating the genetics of a complex organism such as a mouse has particular utility for the study of viral pathogenesis. Understanding how a virus causes disease necessarily involves an appreciation of how the virus interacts with its host cell, the consequences of infection to the tissue, and the role played by the host immune response in both clearance and associated immunopathology. Moreover, other factors—including age, gender, and genetic background—may contribute to virus-induced disease that can only be observed in vivo. This review focuses on four applications of transgenic and knockout mouse technology that have been useful for gaining insight into virus–host interactions. Each is highlighted with specific examples (Fig. 1). Of course, all
