Probing the role of active site residues in NikD, an unusual amino acid oxidase that catalyzes an aromatization reaction important in nikkomycin biosynthesis.

Probing the role of active site residues in NikD, an unusual amino acid oxidase that catalyzes an aromatization reaction important in nikkomycin biosynthesis.
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探究 NikD 中活性位点残基的作用,NikD 是一种不寻常的氨基酸氧化酶,可催化尼可霉素生物合成中重要的芳香化反应。

DOI:
10.1021/bi9006918
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Jorns,MarilynSchuman
Jorns,MarilynSchuman
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kommoju,Phaneeswara-Rao;Bruckner,RobertC;Ferreira,Patricia;Jorns,MarilynSchuman

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NikD催化一个显著的芳构化反应,将哌啶2-羧酸酯(P2C)转化为吡啶甲酸酯,这是尼可霉素抗生素中非核糖体肽的关键组分。该酶在弱碱性pH下显示出FAD− Trp 355电荷转移带,该带在一个未知的可电离残基质子化后消失,该残基显示出7.3的pKa。停止流动的研究与野生型nikD和P2C的还原半反应表明,酶氧化的烯胺互变异构体的P2C,但不区分几种可能的路径之间的初始两个电子的氧化步骤。用中性残基取代Glu 101或Asp 276不会消除可电离基团,尽管与野生型nikD相比,观察到的pKais分别高1或2个pH单位。重要的是,突变仅导致观察到的P2C氧化成二氢吡啶甲酸酯的速率适度降低(<5倍)。结果排除了唯一可能的候选人的催化碱在最初的两个电子的氧化步骤。这一结果提供了令人信服的证据,表明nikD氧化了P2C的烯胺互变异构体中N(1)和C(6)之间的键,排除了需要活性位点碱来介导碳碳键氧化的替代途径。因为相同的限制适用于第二个双电子氧化步骤,所以二氢吡啶甲酸酯中间体必须转化为含有可氧化的碳-氮键的异构体。一个新的作用,提出了减少FAD作为酸碱催化剂在异构化的二氢吡啶甲酸酯。
NikD catalyzes a remarkable aromatization reaction that converts piperideine 2-carboxylate (P2C) to picolinate, a key component of the nonribosomal peptide in nikkomycin antibiotics. The enzyme exhibits a FAD−Trp355 charge-transfer band at weakly alkaline pH that is abolished upon protonation of an unknown ionizable residue that exhibits a pKaof 7.3. Stopped-flow studies of the reductive half-reaction with wild-type nikD and P2C show that the enzyme oxidizes the enamine tautomer of P2C but do not distinguish among several possible paths for the initial two-electron oxidation step. Replacement of Glu101 or Asp276 with a neutral residue does not eliminate the ionizable group, although the observed pKais 1 or 2 pH units higher, respectively, compared with that of wild-type nikD. Importantly, the mutations cause only a modest decrease (<5-fold) in the observed rate of oxidation of P2C to dihydropicolinate. The results rule out the only possible candidates for a catalytic base in the initial two-electron oxidation step. This outcome provides compelling evidence that nikD oxidizes the bond between N(1) and C(6) in the enamine tautomer of P2C, ruling out alternative paths that require an active site base to mediate the oxidation of a carbon−carbon bond. Because the same restraint applies to the second two-electron oxidation step, the dihydropicolinate intermediate must be converted to an isomer that contains an oxidizable carbon−nitrogen bond. A novel role is proposed for reduced FAD as an acid−base catalyst in the isomerization of dihydropicolinate.
从曲霉属中克隆阿马多里酶 I 同工酶:FAD 与 Cys342 共价连接的证据。
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发表时间: 2000
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影响因子: 2.9
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影响因子: 2.9
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DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41384-7
发表时间: 1975
期刊: The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子: --
作者:
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DOI: 10.1021/bi0493618
发表时间: 2004-07-20
期刊: BIOCHEMISTRY
影响因子: 2.9
作者:
Bruckner, RC;Zhao, GH;Jorns, MS
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DOI: 10.1021/bi020515y
发表时间: 2002-12
期刊: Biochemistry
影响因子: 2.9
作者:
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通讯作者: David Venci;Guohua Zhao;M. Jorns