Factors Associated with Parental Refusal of Routine Vaccination in the Czech Republic.
Factors Associated with Parental Refusal of Routine Vaccination in the Czech Republic.
复制标题
捷克共和国父母拒绝常规疫苗接种的相关因素。
DOI：
10.21101/cejph.a4395
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
A. Čelko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Danova;Jiří Šálek;A. Kocourková;A. Čelko
目的
常规免疫是最重要的预防措施之一，是疫苗可预防传染病发病率和死亡率及其并发症和后遗症呈下降趋势的原因。疫苗接种对这些疾病下降趋势的影响是众所周知的，并得到大量流行病学研究的证实。在捷克共和国，大多数疫苗可预防疾病的疫苗接种覆盖率很高。然而，在过去十年中，由于各种因素而拒绝为其子女进行常规疫苗接种的父母比例正在增加。本研究评估了捷克共和国的现状，并描述了父母决策中最重要的因素。
方法
该研究于2013年7月1日至2014年3月31日进行，作为基于问卷的调查（横断面研究）。该调查问卷是用多项选择答案创建的。向0-18岁儿童的父母或法律的代表提出了问题。问题的类型分为几个小组。该研究在捷克共和国的布拉格和兹林两个不同地区进行。
结果
在样本量（n=480），我们发现11个父母拒绝接种11名儿童（2.29%）。在流行率研究中，最常被拒绝接种的疫苗是hexavaccine（第一剂）和麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗（第一剂）。六价疫苗包括破伤风类毒素、白喉类毒素、无细胞百日咳疫苗、抗流感嗜血杆菌B结合疫苗、灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗和抗病毒性肝炎B重组疫苗。麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、风疹疫苗含有麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、风疹减毒活病毒。
结论
我们观察到在过去的十年中，儿童拒绝常规疫苗接种的情况呈上升趋势（与2004年相比，p<0.001）。与这种进展相关的最重要因素是对疫苗接种的不信任，对某些疫苗成分的恐惧和对不良反应的恐惧。
AIM
Routine vaccination is one of the most important preventive methods which is responsible for the decreasing trend of morbidity and mortality of vaccine preventable infectious diseases, their complications and sequelae. The impact of vaccination on declining trend of these diseases is well known and confirmed by a large number of epidemiological studies. In the Czech Republic, there is high vaccination coverage in regards to most vaccine preventable diseases. However, during the last decade proportion of parents refusing routine vaccination of their children due to different factors is increasing. The presented study evaluates current situation in the Czech Republic and describes the most significant factors in parents decision making.
METHODS
The study was conducted between 1 July 2013 and 31 March 2014 as a questionnaire based survey (cross-sectional study). The questionnaire was created with multiple choice answers. Questions were addressed to parents or legal representatives of children aged 0-18 years. Types of questions were divided into several subgroups. The study was performed in the Czech Republic in two different districts of Prague and Zlín.
RESULTS
In the sample size (n=480) we detected 11 parents who refused vaccination of 11 children (2.29%). The most often refused vaccines in the prevalence study were hexavaccine (1st dose) and measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (1st dose). The hexavaccine includes tetanic anatoxin, diphtheric anatoxin, acellular pertussis vaccine, conjugate vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae b, inactivated polio vaccine, and recombinant vaccine against viral hepatitis B. The measles, mumps, rubella vaccine contains live attenuated viruses of measles, mumps, rubella.
CONCLUSION
We observed increasing trend of routine vaccination refusal in children during the last ten years (compared to situation in the year 2004, p<0.001). The most important factors associated with this progression were distrust to vaccination, fear of some vaccine components and fear of adverse reactions.