Successional Dynamics in the Seasonally Forced Diamond Food Web
Successional Dynamics in the Seasonally Forced Diamond Food Web
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DOI：
10.1086/665998
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Litchman, Elena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klausmeier, Christopher A.;Litchman, Elena
浮游生物季节演替是非平衡群落动态的典型例子。尽管它已经得到了很好的实证研究，但它缺乏一个通用的定量理论。在这里，我们研究了一个食物网模型，该模型包括一个资源、两种浮游植物和一个共享的食草动物——钻石食物网——在一个季节性环境中。该模型产生了许多演替轨迹，这些轨迹在口头浮游生物生态群演替模型的背景下得到了广泛的讨论，例如一个好的竞争对手的春季开花，随后是一个由食草动物引起的清澈的水阶段，为一个抗食草动物的物种在季末的优势地位奠定了基础。它还预测了一种新颖的，违反直觉的轨迹，即抗食草动物的物种在早季和晚季都有开花。该模式经常产生有规律的年周期，但有时也会产生多年周期或混乱，即使每年都有相同的强迫。通过参数化模型，我们展示了演替轨迹如何取决于养分供应和生长季节的长度，这两个关键参数在水体中是不同的。该模型将非平衡理论扩展到食物网，是浮游生物季节演替定量理论的第一步。
Plankton seasonal succession is a classic example of non-equilibrium community dynamics. Despite the fact that it has been well studied empirically, it lacks a general quantitative theory. Here we investigate a food web model that includes a resource, two phytoplankton, and a shared grazer-the diamond food web-in a seasonal environment. The model produces a number of successional trajectories that have been widely discussed in the context of the verbal Plankton Ecology Group model of succession, such as a spring bloom of a good competitor followed by a grazer-induced clear-water phase, setting the stage for the late-season dominance of a grazer-resistant species. It also predicts a novel, counterintuitive trajectory where the grazer-resistant species has both early- and late-season blooms. The model often generates regular annual cycles but sometimes produces multiyear cycles or chaos, even with identical forcing each year. Parameterizing the model, we show how the successional trajectory depends on nutrient supply and the length of the growing season, two key parameters that vary among water bodies. This model extends nonequilibrium theory to food webs and is a first step toward a quantitative theory of plankton seasonal succession.