Medical cannabis use in the Australian community following introduction of legal access: the 2018-2019 Online Cross-Sectional Cannabis as Medicine Survey (CAMS-18)
Medical cannabis use in the Australian community following introduction of legal access: the 2018-2019 Online Cross-Sectional Cannabis as Medicine Survey (CAMS-18)
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DOI：
10.1186/s12954-020-00377-0
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发表时间：
2020-06-08
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
McGregor, Iain S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lintzeris, Nicholas;Mills, Llewellyn;McGregor, Iain S.
2016年，澳大利亚联邦政府通过了一项立法，允许注册医疗专业人员向患者开出一系列基于大麻的产品。在这些立法修改之前立即进行的一项在线调查发现，当时绝大多数答复者都非法采购大麻植物物质，吸烟是首选的服用途径，精神健康、慢性疼痛和睡眠状况是使用医用大麻最常提到的原因。本文报告了2018-2019年进行的一项后续调查的结果，即大麻作为药物调查（CAMS-18）。第二份调查问卷的目的是在引入合法获取途径两年后，审查澳大利亚医用大麻的使用模式和消费者对医用大麻使用的看法。方法2018年9月至2019年3月，主要通过网络媒体进行匿名在线横断面调查，采用方便样本。参与者是居住在澳大利亚的成年人（18岁或以上），他们报告在过去12个月内出于自我确定的治疗原因使用大麻产品。调查衡量了消费者使用医用大麻的特点、指征和模式、给药途径和频率、感知到的益处和危害、获得医用大麻的经验和首选模式。结果1388名被调查者获得数据。使用医用大麻治疗的主要疾病类别是疼痛（36.4%）、精神健康（32.8%）、睡眠（9.2%）、神经系统（5.2%）和癌症（3.8%）。受访者报告说，在过去28年中有15.8（11.2）天使用医用大麻，吸入（71.4%）或口服（26.5%），每周花费82.27澳元（101.27美元）。他们自我报告的有效性很高，但副作用也很高。非法大麻素产品的成分不确定，并对其可能受到污染表示关切。很少有答复者（2.7%）获得了合法处方的医用大麻，认为主要障碍是费用、医学界不感兴趣以及对大麻使用的污名化。结论：慢性疼痛、心理健康和睡眠仍然是消费者报告使用医用大麻的主要临床症状。尽管合法获得大麻已有2年，但澳大利亚大多数消费者报告称获得了非法大麻产品，大麻产品的质量或成分不确定。
Background In 2016, the Australian federal government passed legislation enabling a range of cannabis-based products to be prescribed to patients by registered healthcare professionals. An online survey conducted immediately prior to these legislative changes found that the vast majority of respondents at the time were illicitly sourcing cannabis plant matter, smoking was the preferred route of administration and mental health, chronic pain, and sleep conditions were the most frequently cited reasons for medical cannabis use. This manuscript reports the results of a follow-up survey conducted in 2018-2019, the Cannabis As Medicine Survey (CAMS-18). The goal of this second questionnaire was to examine patterns of use and consumer perspectives regarding medical cannabis use in Australia, 2 years after the introduction of legal access pathways. Methods Anonymous online cross-sectional survey with convenience sample, recruited mainly through online media between September 2018 and March 2019. Participants were adults (18 years or over) residing in Australia who reported using a cannabis product for self-identified therapeutic reasons during the preceding 12 months. The survey measured consumer characteristics, indications and patterns of medical cannabis use, routes and frequency of administration, perceived benefits and harms, experiences and preferred models of access to medical cannabis. Results Data were available for 1388 respondents. The main categories of condition being treated with medical cannabis were pain (36.4%), mental health (32.8%), sleep (9.2%), neurological (5.2%) and cancer (3.8%). Respondents reported using medical cannabis on 15.8 (11.2) days in the past 28, by inhaled (71.4%) or oral (26.5%) routes and spending AUD$82.27 ($101.27) per week. There were high levels of self-reported effectiveness, but also high rates of side effects. There was uncertainty regarding the composition of illicit cannabinoid products and concerns regarding their possible contamination. Few respondents (2.7%) had accessed legally prescribed medical cannabis, with the main perceived barriers being cost, disinterest from the medical profession and stigma regarding cannabis use. Conclusions Chronic pain, mental health and sleep remain the main clinical conditions for which consumers report using medical cannabis. Despite 2 years of legal availability, most consumers in Australia reported accessing illicit cannabis products, with uncertainty regarding the quality or composition of cannabis products.