Antisocial behavior, psychopathic features and abnormalities in reward and punishment processing in youth.
Antisocial behavior, psychopathic features and abnormalities in reward and punishment processing in youth.
复制标题
青少年的反社会行为、精神病特征以及奖励和惩罚过程的异常。
DOI：
10.1007/s10567-013-0159-6
复制
发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Pardini DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byrd AL;Loeber R;Pardini DA
更好地了解是什么导致青少年最初从事反社会行为（ASB），更重要的是，这种行为持续到成年，对于预防和干预工作具有重要意义。大量使用行为和神经影像技术的研究已经将奖励和惩罚处理的异常作为 ASB 的潜在因果机制进行了研究。然而，这些文献尚未经过严格评估，也没有系统地检验和综合这些发现的综合评论。本次审查的目标是双重的。第一个目的是检查患有 ASB 的青少年在以下方面的异常程度：（1）奖励处理； （二）处罚处理； (3)奖励和惩罚并存的处理。第二个目的是评估异常的奖励和/或惩罚处理是否特定于具有精神病特征的反社会青少年亚群或在该亚群中最为明显。首先回顾了利用行为方法的研究，然后是使用功能磁共振成像的研究。跨多个分析层次的理论和研究的整合，是为了提供对反社会青少年的奖励和惩罚过程的更全面的理解。研究结果从发展和背景考虑、提出的未来方向和干预影响等方面进行了讨论。
A better understanding of what leads youth to initially engage in antisocial behavior (ASB) and more importantly persist with such behaviors into adulthood has significant implications for prevention and intervention efforts. A considerable number of studies using behavioral and neuroimaging techniques have investigated abnormalities in reward and punishment processing as potential causal mechanisms underlying ASB. However, this literature has yet to be critically evaluated, and there are no comprehensive reviews that systematically examine and synthesize these findings. The goal of the present review is twofold. The first aim is to examine the extent to which youth with ASB are characterized by abnormalities in (1) reward processing; (2) punishment processing; or (3) both reward and punishment processing. The second aim is to evaluate whether aberrant reward and/or punishment processing is specific to or most pronounced in a subgroup of antisocial youth with psychopathic features. Studies utilizing behavioral methods are first reviewed, followed by studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging. An integration of theory and research across multiple levels of analysis is presented in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of reward and punishment processing in antisocial youth. Findings are discussed in terms of developmental and contextual considerations, proposed future directions and implications for intervention.