The Identification and Prevention of Publication Bias in the Social Sciences and Economics
The Identification and Prevention of Publication Bias in the Social Sciences and Economics
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社会科学和经济学中出版偏见的识别和预防
DOI：
10.1515/jbnst-2011-5-608
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wagner Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiß Bernd;Wagner Michael
系统的研究评论在所有的经验科学中都是必不可少的。然而，研究综合的有效性受到威胁的事实是，不是所有的研究都可以总结一个给定的主题。研究审查可能会因数据缺失而受到影响，在研究及其发现的选择性影响总结结果的情况下，这一点尤其重要。所谓的发表偏倚是一种缺失数据，是一种危及系统或定量以及叙述性综述有效性的现象。如果研究结果的准备、提交或发表仅仅依赖于这些研究结果的特征，则存在发表偏倚。G.其方向或统计意义。本文介绍了在荟萃分析中识别发表偏倚的方法。它还回顾了关于出版偏见普遍性的实证研究，特别是在社会和经济科学领域，出版偏见似乎也很普遍。几个建议，以防止出版偏见进行了讨论。
Systematic research reviews have become essential in all empirical sciences. However, the validity of research syntheses is threatened by the fact that not all studies on a given topic can be summarized. Research reviews may suffer from missing data, and this is especially crucial in those cases where the selectivity of studies and their findings affects the summarized result. So-called publication bias is a type of missing data and a phenomenon that jeopardizes the validity of systematic or quantitative, as well as narrative, reviews. Publication bias exists if the preparation, submission or publication of research findings depend on characteristics of just these research results, e. g. their direction or statistical significance. This article describes methods to identify publication bias in the context of meta-analysis. It also reviews empirical studies on the prevalence of publication bias, especially in the social and economic sciences, where publication bias also seems to be prevalent. Several proposals to prevent publication bias are discussed.