When (not) to Look for Contrastive Alternatives: The Role of Pitch Accent Type and Additive Particles
When (not) to Look for Contrastive Alternatives: The Role of Pitch Accent Type and Additive Particles
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DOI：
10.1177/0023830918814279
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Dehe, Nicole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braun, Bettina;Asano, Yuki;Dehe, Nicole
这项研究调查了音调重音类型和附加粒子如何影响对比替代品的激活。在实验 1 中，德国听众听到陈述性话语（例如，游泳者想要穿上脚蹼），并看到屏幕上显示四个印刷单词：一个是主语名词的对比替代词（例如，潜水员），一个是非对比相关的词（例如，游泳池），一个宾语（例如，脚蹼），以及一个不相关的干扰项。实验 1 操纵音高重音类型，将宽焦点控制条件与两种窄焦点条件进行比较：在主语名词上使用对比或非对比重音（分别为核 L+H* 与 H+L*，然后是减重音）。在实验 2 中，窄焦点条件下的话语之前是无重音的附加助词 auch（“也”），这可能会触发替代项本身。它与重音主题相关。结果表明，与控制条件相比，当受试者用对比重音（核 L+H*）实现时，参与者比用非对比 H+L* 实现时更关注对比替代方案，而附加粒子没有效果。因此，重音类型是表明替代方案（即对比）存在的主要触发因素。讨论了信息结构理论和附加粒子处理的含义。
This study investigates how pitch accent type and additive particles affect the activation of contrastive alternatives. In Experiment 1, German listeners heard declarative utterances (e.g., The swimmer wanted to put on flippers) and saw four printed words displayed on screen: one that was a contrastive alternative to the subject noun (e.g., diver), one that was non-contrastively related (e.g., pool), the object (e.g., flippers), and an unrelated distractor. Experiment 1 manipulated pitch accent type, comparing a broad focus control condition to two narrow focus conditions: with a contrastive or non-contrastive accent on the subject noun (nuclear L+H* vs. H+L*, respectively, followed by deaccentuation). In Experiment 2, the utterances in the narrow focus conditions were preceded by the unstressed additive particle auch ("also"), which may trigger alternatives itself. It associated with the accented subject. Results showed that, compared to the control condition, participants directed more fixations to the contrastive alternative when the subject was realized with a contrastive accent (nuclear L+H*) than when it was realized with non-contrastive H+L*, while additive particles had no effect. Hence, accent type is the primary trigger for signaling the presence of alternatives (i.e., contrast). Implications for theories of information structure and the processing of additive particles are discussed.