AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT OF RADIATION INJURY IN LUNG
AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT OF RADIATION INJURY IN LUNG
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DOI：
10.1148/87.1.49
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发表时间：
1966-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.7
通讯作者：
PHILLIPS, TL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PHILLIPS, TL
在胸部和胸壁病变的放射治疗中，肺呈现剂量限制结构。它还包含了体内最丰富的毛细血管网络之一。因此，在肺内观察到的辐射诱导变化表明其他组织中的小血管反应。更好地了解肺中辐射损伤的性质可能会导致技术改进或修改的发展。这反过来又允许对肺进行更高剂量的辐射，而不会随后造成严重损伤。在治疗和实验剂量的辐射后肺的变化已在几个广泛的报告中描述（3，4，9）。在放射性肺炎的实验研究中，Jennings和Arden（3）的研究是较新的研究之一。这些研究受到光学显微镜分辨率的限制，无法观察肺泡毛细血管壁的详细结构。也不能准确鉴定对损伤反应的细胞类型，相信可以用电子显微镜对肺泡毛细血管壁的各种成分进行详细检查。利用该仪器，可以研究参与辐射反应和损伤修复的特定细胞。此外，详细研究修复的肺的结构将是possible.Materials and MethodsTwenty-five雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠从特定的病原体的自由殖民地的美国海军放射防御实验室。大鼠为4月龄，无任何肺部感染。通过5 × 2.5 cm的左前胸野，使用250 kVp辐射和h.v.l. 1.28 mm Cu。这些动物被戊巴比妥麻醉后进行辐射，它们的身体被四分之一英寸厚的铅屏蔽。照射体积包括左肺和纵隔，但不包括右肺。将2，000拉德的剂量输送到左胸的中平面，在照射后1小时至12个月的不同时间杀死动物。对照组动物随机抽取，采用与照射组动物相似的方法制备肺组织，乙醚麻醉后迅速打开左半胸取出标本。当动物仍在呼吸时，切除左上叶外周区的一小部分。按照考尔菲尔德的方法（1），在用含蔗糖的醋酸Veronal缓冲的1%四氧化锇溶液中迅速切碎该样品。将组织在室温下固定1小时，然后包埋在Araldite中，如Luft（7）所述。
The lungrepresents a dose-limiting structure in the radiation treatment of thoracic and chest wall lesions. It also contains one of the richest capillary networks in the body. Thus, radiation-induced changes noted within the lung indicate reaction of small vessels in other tissues. A better understanding of the nature of radiation damage in the lung could lead to the development of improved technics or modifications. These in turn would allow higher doses of radiation to the lung, without subsequent severe injury.Changes in the lung after therapeutic and experimental doses of radiation have been described in several extensive reports (3, 4, 9). Of the experimental studies on radiation pneumonitis, that of Jennings and Arden (3) is one of the more recent. These investigations were limited by the resolution of the light microscope, which did not allow visualization of the detailed structure of the alveolar capillary wall. Neither did it permit accurate identification of the cell types involved in reaction to injury.Detailed examination of the various components of the alveolar capillary wall was believed possible with use of the electron microscope. With this instrument, the specific cells involved in the reaction to radiation and in repair of injury could be studied. Also, detailed study of the structure of the repaired lung would be possible.Materials and MethodsTwenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats from the specific pathogen-free colony of the United States Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory were employed. The rats were four months of age and free of any pulmonary infections. Irradiation was administered through a left anterior chest field of 5 × 2.5 cm, using 250 kVp radiation with a h.v.l. of 1.28 mm Cu. The animals were anesthetized with Nembutal for the irradiation, and their bodies shielded with lead of one-fourth-inch thickness. The irradiated volume included the left lung and mediastinum, but not the right lung. A dose of 2,000 rads was delivered to the mid-plane of the left chest.Animals were killed at various periods, ranging from one hour to twelve months after irradiation. Control animals were taken at random from each group, and their lungs were prepared in a manner similar to that used in the irradiated animals.For removal of the specimens, ether anesthesia was employed and the left hemi-thorax was opened rapidly. While the animal was still breathing, a small portion of the peripheral zone of the left upper lobe was removed. This specimen was quickly minced in a solution of 1 per cent osmium tetroxide, buffered with Veronal acetate containing sucrose, according to the method of Caulfield (1). The tissues were fixed for one hour at room temperature and then embedded in Araldite, as described by Luft (7).