Can Systematic Reviews Inform GMO Risk Assessment and Risk Management?
Can Systematic Reviews Inform GMO Risk Assessment and Risk Management?
复制标题
系统评价能否为转基因生物风险评估和风险管理提供信息？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
J. Schiemann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Kohl;G. Frampton;J. Sweet;A. Spök;Neal R Haddaway;R. Wilhelm;Stefan Unger;J. Schiemann
系统评价是以高度标准化和可重复性的方式识别、收集、综合和评估关于特定研究问题的主要研究数据的强大工具。它们通过提高精确度和最大限度地减少偏差，同时确保所用方法的透明度，从而实现合理的结果综合。这使得它们在为各种主题和研究学科的基于证据的风险分析和决策提供信息方面特别有价值。尽管被视为综合主要研究数据的“黄金标准”，但系统评价也并非没有局限性，因为它们往往是成本、劳动力和时间密集型的，综合结果的效用取决于是否有足够和可靠的主要研究数据。在本文中，我们(1)考虑系统评价在综合有关转基因生物(GMO)的初步研究数据时所能提供的附加值，以及(2)批判性地评估系统评价对于整理和分析关于转基因生物潜在影响的数据的充分性和可行性，以便更好地为转基因生物风险评估和风险管理中的具体步骤提供信息。我们以欧盟的监管框架为例，尽管我们讨论的问题可能适用范围更广。
Systematic reviews represent powerful tools to identify, collect, synthesize, and evaluate primary research data on specific research questions in a highly standardized and reproducible manner. They enable the defensible synthesis of outcomes by increasing precision and minimizing bias whilst ensuring transparency of the methods used. This makes them especially valuable to inform evidence-based risk analysis and decision making in various topics and research disciplines. Although seen as a “gold standard” for synthesizing primary research data, systematic reviews are not without limitations as they are often cost, labor and time intensive and the utility of synthesis outcomes depends upon the availability of sufficient and robust primary research data. In this paper, we (1) consider the added value systematic reviews could provide when synthesizing primary research data on genetically modified organisms (GMO) and (2) critically assess the adequacy and feasibility of systematic review for collating and analyzing data on potential impacts of GMOs in order to better inform specific steps within GMO risk assessment and risk management. The regulatory framework of the EU is used as an example, although the issues we discuss are likely to be more widely applicable.