Hybrid upconversion nanomaterials for optogenetic neuronal control.
Hybrid upconversion nanomaterials for optogenetic neuronal control.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1039/c5nr03411f
复制
发表时间：
2015-10-28
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Lee KB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shah S;Liu JJ;Pasquale N;Lai J;McGowan H;Pang ZP;Lee KB
基于纳米技术的方法提供了开发适用于神经科学应用的精密工具所需的化学控制。我们报告了一种新的方法，采用混合上转换纳米材料，结合光响应离子通道channelrhodopsin-2（ChR 2），实现近红外光（NIR）介导的神经元活性的光遗传学控制。目前的光遗传学方法依赖于使用可见光（例如470 nm蓝光）来激活ChR 2，可见光往往表现出高散射和低组织穿透性。相比之下，我们的方法能够使用980 nm的近红外光，这解决了可见光作为激发源的短波长问题。这是通过将上转换纳米材料嵌入聚合物支架中来促进的，上转换纳米材料可以将NIR光转换为蓝光。这些混合纳米材料支架允许NIR介导的神经元刺激，其效率与470 nm蓝光相当。我们的平台通过平衡纳米材料的多种物理化学性质（例如大小、形态、结构、发射光谱、浓度）来优化NIR介导的光遗传学控制，从而为先进的神经应用提供了合理设计基于纳米材料的策略的早期演示。基于上转换纳米材料的混合支架被用于用近红外光光遗传学地刺激神经元。
Nanotechnology-based approaches offer the chemical control required to develop precision tools suitable for applications in neuroscience. We report a novel approach employing hybrid upconversion nanomaterials, combined with the photoresponsive ion channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), to achieve near infrared light (NIR)-mediated optogenetic control of neuronal activity. Current optogenetic methodologies rely on using visible light (e.g. 470-nm blue light), which tends to exhibit high scattering and low tissue penetration, to activate ChR2. In contrast, our approach enables the use of 980-nm NIR light, which addresses the short-comings of visible light as an excitation source. This was facilitated by embedding upconversion nanomaterials, which can convert NIR light to blue luminescence, into polymeric scaffolds. These hybrid nanomaterial scaffolds allowed for NIR-mediated neuronal stimulation, with comparable efficiency as that of 470-nm blue light. Our platform was optimized for NIR-mediated optogenetic control by balancing multiple physicochemical properties of the nanomaterial (e.g. size, morphology, structure, emission spectra, concentration), thus providing an early demonstration of rationally-designing nanomaterial-based strategies for advanced neural applications. Upconverting nanomaterial-based hybrid scaffolds were employed to optogenetically stimulate neurons with near-infrared light.