Delineating physiologic defensive reactivity in the domain of self-report: phenotypic and etiologic structure of dispositional fear
Delineating physiologic defensive reactivity in the domain of self-report: phenotypic and etiologic structure of dispositional fear
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291711002194
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Gasperi, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kramer, M. D.;Patrick, C. J.;Gasperi, M.
背景恐惧和无畏的个体差异已经在其极端的心理病理学-焦虑症和精神病的显着不同的形式，分别进行了研究。恐惧相关的特征和障碍的一个记录的神经基板是防御反应，反映在厌恶惊吓增强（ASP）。目前的研究扩展了以前的工作，在一个样本的成年双胞胎从社区（n=2511），表型和病因结构的自我报告措施的恐惧和无畏已知与ASP。分析揭示了一个层次结构的特质恐惧域，一个总体的，两极的恐惧/无畏的维度饱和在这个域中的每一个措施，和子因素标记为“痛苦”，“寻求刺激”和“社交”占额外的方差在特定的措施。遗传和非共享的环境协会的措施之间的结构密切反映了该领域的表型结构。这一发现对用神经生物学术语重新定义精神病理学的建议具有启示意义。
Background. Individual differences in fear and fearlessness have been investigated at their extremes in relation to markedly different forms of psychopathology - anxiety disorders and psychopathy, respectively. A documented neural substrate of fear-related traits and disorders is defensive reactivity as reflected in aversive startle potentiation (ASP).Method. The current study extended prior work by characterizing, in a sample of adult twins from the community (n=2511), the phenotypic and etiologic structure of self-report measures of fear and fearlessness known to be associated with ASP.Results. Analyses revealed a hierarchical structure to the trait fear domain, with an overarching, bipolar fear/fearlessness dimension saturating each measure in this domain, and subfactors labeled 'distress,' 'stimulation seeking' and 'sociability' accounting for additional variance in particular measures. The structure of genetic and non-shared environmental associations among the measures closely mirrored the phenotypic structure of the domain.Conclusions. The findings have implications for proposals to reconceptualize psychopathology in neurobiological terms.