OCCURRENCE OF PEPTIDE AND CLAVINE ERGOT ALKALOIDS IN TALL FESCUE GRASS
OCCURRENCE OF PEPTIDE AND CLAVINE ERGOT ALKALOIDS IN TALL FESCUE GRASS
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DOI：
10.1126/science.3008328
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发表时间：
1986-04-25
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
BACON, CW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LYONS, PC;PLATTNER, RD;BACON, CW
有证据表明，麦角生物碱普遍存在于高羊茅牧场感染的锁骨内生真菌斑疹菌（或Acremonium coenophalum）。麦角肽生物碱，主要是麦角缬氨酸，占总麦角生物碱浓度的10%至50%，在鞘中高达每公斤14毫克，在叶片中高达每公斤1.5毫克。对温室内受感染的植株施用大量硝酸钾或氯化铵（每升10毫摩尔），麦角生物碱浓度显著增加。结果表明，麦角生物碱可能是该牧草和草坪草对牛产生毒性的主要原因，而类麦角中毒可能是由锁骨菌引起的，而非锁骨菌。
Evidence is presented that ergot alkaloids are ubiquitous in tall fescue pastures infected with the clavicipitaceous fungal endophyte Sphacelia typhina (or Acremonium coenophialum). Ergopeptide alkaloids, predominantly ergovaline, constituted 10 to 50 percent of the total ergot alkaloid concentration, which was as high as 14 milligrams per kilogram in sheaths and 1.5 milligrams per kilogram in blades. Ergot alkaloid concentrations were substantially increased by application of large amounts (10 millimoles per liter) of potassium nitrate or ammonium chloride to infected plants in the greenhouse. The results indicate that ergot alkaloids are probably responsible for the toxicity to cattle of this common pasture and lawn grass and that ergotism-like toxicoses may be caused by clavicipitaceous fungi other than Claviceps.