Assessment of Calories Purchased After Calorie Labeling of Prepared Foods in a Large Supermarket Chain
Assessment of Calories Purchased After Calorie Labeling of Prepared Foods in a Large Supermarket Chain
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DOI：
10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.3065
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发表时间：
2022-08-01
影响因子：
39
通讯作者：
Block, Jason P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Petimar, Joshua;Grummon, Anna H.;Block, Jason P.
重要的卡路里标签的准备(即即食)食品在美国的大型连锁食品机构被要求。餐馆的大规模评估表明，贴标签后熟食的购买量略有下降，但据作者所知，还没有研究考察这一政策如何影响超市购买。目的评估超市熟食贴上卡路里标签后，从熟食和潜在包装替代品中购买的卡路里与对照食品相比的变化。设计、设置和参与者这一受控中断时间序列比较了标签实施前2年(2015年4月至2017年4月)和标签实施后7个月(2017年5月至2017年12月)的销售额。从2020年3月到2022年5月，对来自缅因州、马萨诸塞州、新罕布夏州、纽约和佛蒙特州的173家连锁超市的数据进行了分析。2017年4月，干预预制食品卡路里标签的实施。主要结果和衡量标准购买项目被归类为预制食品、预制食品的潜在包装替代品，或所有其他(即，对照)食品。主要结果是从熟食购买的每笔交易平均每周卡路里，次要结果是每笔交易从类似包装商品购买的平均每周卡路里(用于替代分析)。结果在173家超市中，卡路里标签与从预制烘焙食品购买的每笔交易的卡路里平均减少5.1%(95%CI，-5.8%至-4.4%)相关，与预制熟食食品相比减少11.0%(95%CI，-11.9%至-10.1%)，调整了对照食品的变化；预制主菜和配菜的卡路里没有变化(Change=0.3%；95%可信区间，-2.5%至3.0%)。贴标签还与从包装烘焙食品(Change=-3.9%；95%CI，-4.3%至-3.6%)、包装主菜和配菜(Change=-1.2%；95%CI，-1.4%至-0.9%)以及包装熟食项目(Change=-2.1%；95%CI，-2.4%~-1.7%)。结论在这项对超市的纵向研究中，预制食品的卡路里标签与从预制面包店和熟食店购买的卡路里略有到中等程度的减少有关，而没有证据表明替代类似的包装食品。
IMPORTANCE Calorie labels for prepared (ie, ready-to-eat) foods are required in large chain food establishments in the US. Large evaluations in restaurants suggest small declines in purchases of prepared foods after labeling, but to the authors' knowledge, no studies have examined how this policy influences supermarket purchases.OBJECTIVE To estimate changes in calories purchased from prepared foods and potential packaged substitutes compared with control foods after calorie labeling of prepared foods in supermarkets.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This controlled interrupted time series compared sales 2 years before labeling implementation (April 2015-April 2017) with sales 7 months after labeling implementation (May 2017-December 2017). Data from 173 supermarkets from a supermarket chain with locations in Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, and Vermont were analyzed from March 2020 to May 2022.INTERVENTION Implementation of calorie labeling of prepared foods in April 2017.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Purchased itemswere classified as prepared foods, potential packaged substitutes for prepared foods, or all other (ie, control) foods. The primary outcome was mean weekly calories per transaction purchased from prepared foods, and the secondary outcome was mean weekly calories per transaction purchased from similar packaged items (for substitution analyses). Analyses of prepared and packaged foods were stratified by food category (bakery, entrees and sides, or deli meats and cheeses).RESULTS Among the included 173 supermarkets, calorie labeling was associated with a mean 5.1% decrease (95% CI, -5.8% to -4.4%) in calories per transaction purchased from prepared bakery items and an 11.0% decrease (95% CI, -11.9% to -10.1%) from prepared deli items, adjusted for changes in control foods; no changes were observed for prepared entrees and sides (change = 0.3%; 95% CI, -2.5% to 3.0%). Labeling was also associated with decreased calories per transaction purchased from packaged bakery items (change = -3.9%; 95% CI, -4.3% to -3.6%), packaged entrees and sides (change = -1.2%; 95% CI, -1.4% to -0.9%), and packaged deli items (change = -2.1%; 95% CI, -2.4% to -1.7%).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this longitudinal study of supermarkets, calorie labeling of prepared foods was associated with small to moderate decreases in calories purchased from prepared bakery and deli items without evidence of substitution to similar packaged foods.