Experimental validation of improved 3D SBP positioning algorithm in PET applications using UW Phase II Board
Experimental validation of improved 3D SBP positioning algorithm in PET applications using UW Phase II Board
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2016.09.029
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Miyaoka, R. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jorge, L. S.;Bonifacio, D. A. B.;Miyaoka, R. S.
基于连续闪烁器的探测器被认为是比高度像素化的离散晶体正电子发射断层扫描（PET）探测器更有竞争力和更便宜的方法，尽管需要算法来估计3D伽马相互作用位置。在这项工作中，我们报告的定位算法的实施，估计在连续晶体PET探测器使用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的3D相互作用的位置。评价的方法是基于统计的处理（SBP）技术，需要光响应函数和事件位置表征。算法已经实现了使用Verilog语言和评估使用的数据采集板，其中包含一个Altera Stratix III FPGA。3D SBP算法之前已使用模拟数据和不同的模块设计在Stratix II FPGA上成功实现。在这项工作中，对3D定位算法的FPGA编码进行了改进，将总内存使用量减少到34%左右。此外，该算法进行了评估，从连续微型晶体元件（cMiCE）检测器模块的实验数据。使用我们的新实现，整个块的平均FWHM（半高全宽）在x、y和z方向上分别为1.71 +/- 0.01 mm、1.70 +/- 0.01 mm和1.632 +/- 0.005 mm。使用流水线架构，FPGA每秒能够处理245，000个事件，用于检测器中心区域内部的交互，占总块区域的64%。按区域（角落、边界和中心区域）划分的事件速率的加权平均值约为每秒198，000个事件。该事件率大于使用cMiCE探测器设计的未来PET系统中任何给定探测器模块的最大预期符合率。(C)© 2016 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
Continuous scintillator-based detectors have been considered as a competitive and cheaper approach than highly pixelated discrete crystal positron emission tomography (PET) detectors, despite the need for algorithms to estimate 3D gamma interaction position. In this work, we report on the implementation of a positioning algorithm to estimate the 3D interaction position in a continuous crystal PET detector using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The evaluated method is the Statistics-Based Processing (SBP) technique that requires light response function and event position characterization. An algorithm has been implemented using the Verilog language and evaluated using a data acquisition board that contains an Altera Stratix III FPGA. The 3D SBP algorithm was previously successfully implemented on a Stratix II FPGA using simulated data and a different module design. In this work, improvements were made to the FPGA coding of the 3D positioning algorithm, reducing the total memory usage to around 34%. Further the algorithm was evaluated using experimental data from a continuous miniature crystal element (cMiCE) detector module. Using our new implementation, average FWHM (Full Width at Half Maximum) for the whole block is 1.71 +/- 0.01 mm, 1.70 +/- 0.01 mm and 1.632 +/- 0.005 mm for x, y and z directions, respectively. Using a pipelined architecture, the FPGA is able to process 245,000 events per second for interactions inside of the central area of the detector that represents 64% of the total block area. The weighted average of the event rate by regional area (corner, border and central regions) is about 198,000 events per second. This event rate is greater than the maximum expected coincidence rate for any given detector module in future PET systems using the cMiCE detector design. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.