The role of soil carbon in natural climate solutions
The role of soil carbon in natural climate solutions
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DOI：
10.1038/s41893-020-0491-z
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发表时间：
2020-03-16
影响因子：
27.6
通讯作者：
Griscom, B. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bossio, D. A.;Cook-Patton, S. C.;Griscom, B. W.
减缓气候变化需要清洁能源和去除大气中的碳。建立土壤碳是增加碳汇和减少排放的一种有吸引力的方法，因为它对农业有相关的好处。然而，土壤碳气候战略的实际实施滞后于潜力，部分原因是我们不清楚机会的大小以及如何利用它。在这里，我们量化了土壤碳在自然（陆地）气候解决方案中的作用，并回顾了一些可用于挖掘潜力的项目设计机制。研究表明，土壤碳占自然气候解决方案潜力的25%（总潜力为每年238亿吨二氧化碳当量），其中40%是对现有土壤碳的保护，60%是对枯竭储量的重建。土壤碳占森林缓解潜力的9%，占湿地的72%，占农业和草原的47%。除减缓气候变化外，土壤碳对于防止碳排放、清除大气二氧化碳和提供生态系统服务的陆地努力至关重要。减缓气候变化需要多种战略。这项研究发现，在土壤中储存碳占陆地潜力的25%，其中60%必须来自重建耗尽的碳储存。
Mitigating climate change requires clean energy and the removal of atmospheric carbon. Building soil carbon is an appealing way to increase carbon sinks and reduce emissions owing to the associated benefits to agriculture. However, the practical implementation of soil carbon climate strategies lags behind the potential, partly because we lack clarity around the magnitude of opportunity and how to capitalize on it. Here we quantify the role of soil carbon in natural (land-based) climate solutions and review some of the project design mechanisms available to tap into the potential. We show that soil carbon represents 25% of the potential of natural climate solutions (total potential, 23.8 Gt of CO2-equivalent per year), of which 40% is protection of existing soil carbon and 60% is rebuilding depleted stocks. Soil carbon comprises 9% of the mitigation potential of forests, 72% for wetlands and 47% for agriculture and grasslands. Soil carbon is important to land-based efforts to prevent carbon emissions, remove atmospheric carbon dioxide and deliver ecosystem services in addition to climate mitigation.Diverse strategies are needed to mitigate climate change. This study finds that storing carbon in soils represents 25% of land-based potential, of which 60% must come from rebuilding depleted carbon stores.