Energy-Efficient UAV Communication With Trajectory Optimization
Energy-Efficient UAV Communication With Trajectory Optimization
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/twc.2017.2688328
复制
发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Zhang, Rui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zeng, Yong;Zhang, Rui
无人机无线通信是未来通信系统的一项很有前途的技术。在假设无人机水平飞行固定高度的情况下，通过优化无人机的轨迹来研究无人机与地面终端的节能通信，这是一种综合考虑通信吞吐量和无人机能耗的新设计范式。为此，我们首先推导了固定翼无人机推进能量消耗随无人机飞行速度、方向和加速度的函数关系的理论模型。基于该模型，通过忽略辐射和信号处理能量消耗，将无人机通信能量效率定义为无人机在有限时间范围内所消耗的推进能量归一化所传递的总信息比特。对于无约束轨迹优化的情况，我们证明了速率最大化和能量最小化设计都会导致能量效率为零，因此总体上是低能效的。接下来，我们介绍一种简单的圆形无人机轨迹，在该轨迹下，无人机的飞行半径和速度联合优化，以最大限度地提高能效。此外，提出了一种有效的设计来最大化无人机的能量效率，其中包括对轨迹的一般约束，包括其初始/最终位置和速度，以及最小/最大速度和加速度。数值结果表明，与其他基准方案相比，所提出的设计方案在无人机通信中获得了更高的能量效率。
Wireless communication with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a promising technology for future communication systems. In this paper, assuming that the UAV flies horizontally with a fixed altitude, we study energy-efficient UAV communication with a ground terminal via optimizing the UAV's trajectory, a new design paradigm that jointly considers both the communication throughput and the UAV's energy consumption. To this end, we first derive a theoretical model on the propulsion energy consumption of fixed-wing UAVs as a function of the UAV's flying speed, direction, and acceleration. Based on the derived model and by ignoring the radiation and signal processing energy consumption, the energy efficiency of UAV communication is defined as the total information bits communicated normalized by the UAV propulsion energy consumed for a finite time horizon. For the case of unconstrained trajectory optimization, we show that both the rate-maximization and energy-minimization designs lead to vanishing energy efficiency and thus are energy-inefficient in general. Next, we introduce a simple circular UAV trajectory, under which the UAV's flight radius and speed are jointly optimized to maximize the energy efficiency. Furthermore, an efficient design is proposed for maximizing the UAV's energy efficiency with general constraints on the trajectory, including its initial/final locations and velocities, as well as minimum/maximum speed and acceleration. Numerical results show that the proposed designs achieve significantly higher energy efficiency for UAV communication as compared with other benchmark schemes.