Finding Waldo in the CBRS Band: Signal Detection and Localization in the 3.5 GHz Spectrum
Finding Waldo in the CBRS Band: Signal Detection and Localization in the 3.5 GHz Spectrum
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DOI：
10.1109/globecom48099.2022.10001638
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发表时间：
2022-12
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Soltani;Vini Chaudhary;Debashri Roy;K. Chowdhury
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文献类型：
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作者：
N. Soltani;Vini Chaudhary;Debashri Roy;K. Chowdhury
在美国向二级用户开放公民宽带无线电服务（CBRS）频段，为LTE和5G网络提供了前所未有的机会，只要现有的雷达信号不受干扰。为了实现这一目标，美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）要求沿沿着地区安装环境传感能力（ESC）。此外，FCC要求次级用户以低功率电平进行传输，以使ESC传感器附近的总干扰和噪声功率保持在−109 dBm/MHz以下。在此干扰水平下，ESC必须检测到99%峰值功率至少为−89 dBm/MHz的雷达脉冲。在本文中，我们设计了一种名为ESC+的增强型ESC传感器，该传感器利用名为“You Only Look Once”（YOLO）的深度学习框架，使用频谱图进行信号检测。我们提出了一种基于两阶段频谱图的粗信号和细信号分析方法，用于：（i）在聚合噪声和干扰水平超出FCC限制的环境中检测和表征雷达脉冲，以及（ii）检测和表征其他信号类型（例如，5G和LTE），目标是确定未经授权的用户。我们在MATLAB中生成了一个真实的频谱数据集，包括雷达、5G和LTE三种信号类型，其中与雷达脉冲同时发生的聚合干扰和噪声功率变化高达−104 dBm/MHz。我们展示了100%的雷达脉冲检测，其干扰和噪声水平比当今所需的高出3 dB。
Opening the Citizen Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) band in the US to secondary users offers unprecedented opportunities to LTE and 5G networks, as long as incumbent radar signals are protected from interference. Towards this aim, the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requires Environmental Sensing Capabilities (ESCs) to be installed along the coastal regions. Furthermore, FCC mandates that the secondary users transmit with low power levels, such that the aggregated interference and noise power in the vicinity of ESC sensors remains below −109 dBm/MHz. At this interference level, the ESC must detect 99 % of radar pulses with peak power of at least −89 dBm/MHz. In this paper, we design an enhanced ESC sensor, called ESC+, that leverages the deep learning framework called 'you only look once’ (YOLO) for signal detection using spectrograms. We propose a two-stage spectrogram-based coarse and fine signal analysis method for: (i) detecting, and characterizing radar pulses in environments where the aggregated noise and interference level goes beyond FCC restrictions, and (ii) detecting and characterizing other signal types (e.g., 5G and LTE) in the CBRS band, with a goal of determining unauthorized users. We generate a realistic spectrogram dataset in MATLAB consisting of three signal types of radar, 5G, and LTE where the aggregated interference and noise power occurring concurrently with the radar pulse is varied upto −104 dBm/MHz. We show 100% radar pulse detection in interference and noise levels of up to 3 dB higher than what is required today.