Burrowing Behavior and Biogenic Structures of Mud-Dwelling Insects
Burrowing Behavior and Biogenic Structures of Mud-Dwelling Insects
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泥居昆虫的穴居行为和生物结构
DOI：
10.2307/1467965
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Hare
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Charbonneau;L. Hare
人们对栖息在沉积物中的昆虫洞穴知之甚少，因为这些结构被动物生活的沉积物所掩盖。我们用X射线图像揭示和比较了几个目(双翅目，叶翅目，长翅目，毛翅目)水生昆虫在实验室中的洞穴行为。所研究的大多数分类群都形成了U形洞穴。特别是单虫幼虫(Polycentropus sp.)它们建造的洞穴类型差异很大，即I型、J型和U型洞穴。大多数分类群从沉积物表面下先前存在的物种开始新的洞穴，消除了动物离开沉积物的需要，从而最大限度地减少了它们对潜在捕食者的暴露。在洞穴的深度和长度以及洞穴的开洞率方面，六角蜂的若虫超过了所有其他被研究的分类群。我们的数据表明，在我们研究的湖泊中，滨海昆虫扰乱的沉积物中，有98%可能是由喜虫若虫造成的。对3种摇蚊的观察表明，不同种摇蚊的筑洞速度可能不同。石斑鱼和剑鱼的个体在秋季的洞穴深度比春季更深。我们的研究说明了射线照片研究穴居动物行为的潜力，以及昆虫属和种之间洞穴行为的可变性范围。
Little is known about the burrows of sediment-dwelling insects because these structures are concealed by the sediment in which the animals live. We used X-ray images to reveal and compare the burrowing behavior in the laboratory of aquatic insects from several orders (Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Megaloptera, Trichoptera). Most of the taxa studied constructed U-shaped burrows. Exceptionally, individual caddisfly larvae (Polycentropus sp.) varied greatly in the type of burrow they constructed, i.e., I-, J- and U-shaped burrows were observed. Most taxa begin new burrows from preexisting ones under the sediment surface, obviating the need for the animals to leave the sediment and thereby minimizing their exposure to potential predators. Nymphs of the mayfly Hexagenia limbata exceeded all of the other taxa studied in terms of the depth and length of their burrows and their burrowing rate. Our data suggest that nymphs of H. limbata could be responsible for 98% of the volume of sediment disturbed by littoral insects in our study lake. Observations on 3 species of Chironomus suggest that the rate of burrow construction can differ among congeners. Individuals of H. limbata and Sialis velata burrowed to greater depth in the autumn than in the spring. Our study illustrates the potential of radiographs to study the behavior of burrowing animals, and the range of variability in burrowing behaviors among genera and species of insects.