CHILDHOOD CANCERS IN ZAMBIA BEFORE AND AFTER THE HIV EPIDEMIC
CHILDHOOD CANCERS IN ZAMBIA BEFORE AND AFTER THE HIV EPIDEMIC
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DOI：
10.1136/adc.73.2.100
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发表时间：
1995-08-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
PATIL, PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHINTU, C;ATHALE, UH;PATIL, PS
儿童中与人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)相关的癌症不像成人那样常见，也不像成年人那样有详细的描述。自1983-1984年以来，艾滋病毒在赞比亚一直很流行。为了研究疫情对儿童癌症流行病学的影响，在赞比亚卢萨卡的大学教学医院(UTH)进行了一项回顾性研究。回顾了1980~1992年所有的组织病理学记录，并分析了所有14岁以下的儿童癌症病例。为了确定HIV流行的影响，比较了在HIV流行之前(1980-1982年)和之后(1990-1992年)发生的各种儿童癌症的流行病学特征。儿童癌症的总发病率显著增加。这主要是由于儿童卡波西肉瘤的发病率显著增加(p=0。000016)，这与艾滋病毒感染有因果关系，视网膜母细胞瘤的发病率显著增加(p=0。02)，它与艾滋病毒感染有未知的关系。虽然尚无统计学意义，但非霍奇金淋巴瘤、鼻咽癌和横纹肌肉瘤的发病率也有逐渐和持续的增加。Burkitt‘s淋巴瘤的发病率显著下降。迫切需要对非洲与艾滋病毒有关的儿童癌症进行前瞻性的深入流行病学研究。
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related cancers in children are not as common and as well described as in adults. An HIV epidemic has been prevalent in Zambia since 1983-1984. To study the effect of the epidemic on the epidemiology of cancers in children a retrospective study was undertaken at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka, Zambia. All the histopathological records from 1980 to 1992 were reviewed and all cases of cancers in children less than 14 years of age were analysed. In order to define the effect of the HIV epidemic, the epidemiological features of various childhood cancers occurring before (during the years 1980-1982) and after (during the years 1990-1992) the onset of the HIV epidemic were compared. A significant increase in the occurrence of total childhood cancers was found. This is mostly due to a highly significant increase in the incidence of paediatric Kaposi's sarcoma (p=0 . 000016), which is causally related to HIV infection, and a significant increase in the incidence of retinoblastoma (p=0 . 02), which has an unknown relation to HIV infection. Though not yet statistically significant, there has also been a gradual and sustained increase in the incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. There has been a significant reduction in the incidence of Burkitt's lymphoma. A prospective in depth epidemiological study of HIV related childhood cancers in Africa is urgently needed.