Molecular Mechanisms of Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.
Molecular Mechanisms of Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.
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DOI：
10.3233/jnd-200568
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Blaauw B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schiaffino S;Reggiani C;Akimoto T;Blaauw B
骨骼肌肥大可以通过激素和生长因子直接作为肌肉生长的正调节剂或通过中和负调节剂间接作用，以及通过介导抗阻运动效果的机械信号来诱导。肥大期间的肌肉生长在翻译水平上通过刺激蛋白质合成进行控制，在转录水平上通过激活核糖体RNA和肌肉特异性基因进行控制。 mTORC1 在蛋白质合成和核糖体生物合成的调节中发挥着核心作用。多种转录因子和共激活因子，包括 MEF2、SRF、PGC-1α4 和 YAP，可促进肌纤维的生长。卫星细胞增殖和融合涉及一些但不是所有肌肉肥大模型。
Skeletal muscle hypertrophy can be induced by hormones and growth factors acting directly as positive regulators of muscle growth or indirectly by neutralizing negative regulators, and by mechanical signals mediating the effect of resistance exercise. Muscle growth during hypertrophy is controlled at the translational level, through the stimulation of protein synthesis, and at the transcriptional level, through the activation of ribosomal RNAs and muscle-specific genes. mTORC1 has a central role in the regulation of both protein synthesis and ribosomal biogenesis. Several transcription factors and co-activators, including MEF2, SRF, PGC-1α4, and YAP promote the growth of the myofibers. Satellite cell proliferation and fusion is involved in some but not all muscle hypertrophy models.