Cone excitations and color vision.
Cone excitations and color vision.
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视锥细胞兴奋和色觉。
DOI：
10.1101/sqb.1990.055.01.060
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baylor,DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kraft,TW;Makino,CL;Mathies,RA;Lugtenburg,J;Schnapf,JL;Baylor,DA
大脑通过比较三种类型的视网膜锥的兴奋来计算视觉图像中的颜色，每种视网膜锥在光谱的不同区域敏感。在托马斯杨（1802）阐明三色视觉后近两个世纪，Nathans等人（1802）提出了三色视觉。（1986）通过克隆三种锥色素的基因建立了其分子基础。尽管取得了这一成就，它一直难以定义的锥激发的波长依赖性和描绘的波长选择性的分子机制。显微分光光度法（参见Bowmaker 1984，1990）已被用于测量单个视锥细胞的光谱吸收，但一个细胞中的少量色素限制了对吸收较强的波长的测量。用于锥状颜料的合适的表达系统还不可用。我们用生理学方法研究了灵长类动物视网膜的光诱发视锥兴奋。我们特别要求：
The brain computes the colors in visual images by comparing the excitations of three types of retinal cones, each sensitive in a different region of the spectrum. Nearly two centuries after trichromacy was enunciated by Thomas Young (1802), Nathans et al.(1986) established its molecular basis by cloning the genes for the three cone pigments. Despite this achievement, it has been difficult to define the wavelength dependence of the cone excitations and to delineate the molecular mechanism of wavelength selectivity. Microspectrophotometry (for review, see Bowmaker 1984, 1990) has been used to measure the spectral absorption of single cones, but the small quantity of pigment in one cell restricts the measurements to wavelengths where the absorption is strong. Suitable expression systems for the cone pigments are not yet available. We have used physiological methods to study the light-evoked cone excitations of the primate retina. In particular, we have asked: