A Semiparametric Stratified Survival Model for Timing of First Birth in South Africa
A Semiparametric Stratified Survival Model for Timing of First Birth in South Africa
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-007-6778-2_12
复制
发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cai, Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manda, Samuel O. M.;Meyer, Renate;Cai, Bo
在世界许多地方，青春期怀孕被发现与不利的健康、经济、教育和社会后果有关。特别是，由于生理上的不成熟和社会上的不利条件，少女怀孕与低出生体重、早产、不安全堕胎和流产的高风险有关，这些风险可能导致儿童和孕产妇的高死亡率和发病率（Acsadi和Johnson-Acsadi，1990年; Sharma等人，2003年; Gupta和Mahy，2003年; Magadi，2004年）。在少女母亲的产妇保健非常差的人口中，这些不利影响更为严重（博尔哈和Adair，2003年）。教育和就业机会的减少阻碍了妇女为国家的社会和经济发展作出有效贡献（Siu-Man和Boachang，1995年）。由于生活机会有限，年轻母亲面临性别不平等，使她们在社会中处于从属地位（Jewkes等人，2009年）。作为一个普遍关注的问题，减少少女怀孕是八项千年发展目标之一“改善孕产妇健康“目标下普遍获得生殖健康目标的一项指标（Jewkes等人，2009年;人文科学研究理事会[HSRC]，2009年）。现在人们普遍认为，少女怀孕率高是造成孕产妇死亡周期的原因之一，表明生殖健康状况较差。
In many parts of the world, pregnancy in adolescence has been found to be associated with adverse health, economic, educational and social consequences. In particular, as a result of biological immaturity and social disadvantage, teenage pregnancy is linked to high risk of low birth weight, premature birth, unsafe abortion and miscarriage that may result in high child and maternal mortality and morbidity (Acsadi and Johnson-Acsadi 1990; Sharma et al. 2003; Gupta and Mahy 2003; Magadi 2004). These adverse effects are compounded in populations where maternal health care among teenage mothers is very poor (Borja and Adair 2003). A reduction in education and employment opportunities hinders women from contributing effectively to social and economic development of a country (Siu-Man and Boachang 1995). As a consequence of limited life opportunities, young mothers face gender inequalities, which subject them to subordinate positions in a society (Jewkes et al. 2009). As a matter of universal concern, reducing teenage pregnancy is an indicator within the target of universal access to reproductive health under the “improve maternal health”goal, one of the eight Millennium Development Goals (Jewkes et al. 2009; Human Sciences Research Council [HSRC] 2009). It is now widely accepted that high rates of teenage pregnancy contribute to the cycle of maternal mortality and indicate poorer reproductive health.