Mechanisms of translation control underlying long-lasting synaptic plasticity and the consolidation of long-term memory.
Mechanisms of translation control underlying long-lasting synaptic plasticity and the consolidation of long-term memory.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-420170-5.00005-2
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klann E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santini E;Huynh TN;Klann E
记忆形成的复杂性及其持久性是几个世纪以来人们一直在深入研究的现象。记忆以多种形式存在并存储在不同的大脑区域中。一般来说，随着时间的推移，记忆通过系统级整合被重新组织成广泛分布的皮质网络。在细胞水平上，信息存储被认为最初是通过长时程增强（LTP）等过程改变突触强度而发生的。新的蛋白质合成是持久的突触可塑性以及长期记忆的形成所必需的。哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶标复合物 1 (mTORC1) 是帽依赖性蛋白质合成的关键调节因子，是多种形式的持久突触可塑性和长期记忆所必需的。因此，对 mTORC1 和控制翻译起始和延伸的蛋白质因子的研究增强了我们对记忆形成过程中蛋白质合成过程如何调节的理解。在这里，我们将讨论调节蛋白质合成的分子机制以及药理学和遗传操作，这些操作证明了持久突触可塑性和长期记忆形成中适当翻译控制的要求。
The complexity of memory formation and its persistence is a phenomenon that has been studied intensely for centuries. Memory exists in many forms and is stored in various brain regions. Generally speaking, memories are reorganized into broadly distributed cortical networks over time through systems level consolidation. At the cellular level, storage of information is believed to initially occur via altered synaptic strength by processes such as long-term potentiation (LTP). New protein synthesis is required for long-lasting synaptic plasticity as well as for the formation of long-term memory. The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a critical regulator of cap-dependent protein synthesis and is required for numerous forms of long-lasting synaptic plasticity and long-term memory. As such, the study of mTORC1 and protein factors that control translation initiation and elongation have enhanced our understanding of how the process of protein synthesis is regulated during memory formation. Herein we will discuss the molecular mechanisms that regulate protein synthesis as well as pharmacological and genetic manipulations that demonstrate the requirement for proper translational control in long-lasting synaptic plasticity and long-term memory formation.