A single residue confers selective loss of sugar sensing in wrynecks
A single residue confers selective loss of sugar sensing in wrynecks
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.059
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Julia F. Cramer;E. Miller;Meng-Ching Ko;Q. Liang;Glenn Cockburn;Tomoya Nakagita;Massimiliano Cardinale;L. Fusani;Yasuka Toda;Maude W. Baldwin
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文献类型：
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作者：
Julia F. Cramer;E. Miller;Meng-Ching Ko;Q. Liang;Glenn Cockburn;Tomoya Nakagita;Massimiliano Cardinale;L. Fusani;Yasuka Toda;Maude W. Baldwin
感觉受体会进化，其反应谱的变化可以直接影响感觉知觉并影响多种行为，从配偶选择到觅食决策。1-3尽管受体敏感性很大程度上取决于谱系进化史早期发生的变化，4随后物种行为和生态的变化可能会施加选择性压力，改变甚至逆转感觉受体的能力。5-7感觉回归发生的程度以及这种变化背后的机制都不清楚。明白了。通过受体分析和行为测试，我们发现啄木鸟（一种主要食虫的陆地鸟类家族）糖感应的早期增益和随后意外的丧失。8,9我们的分析表明，与蜂鸟10和鸣禽类似，4啄木鸟的祖先重新利用其T1R1-T1R3咸味受体来检测糖。重要的是，虽然啄木鸟似乎广泛保留了这种能力，但我们的实验表明，斜颈鸟（所有其他啄木鸟的一种神秘的食蚁类姐妹）通过涉及 T1R3 跨膜结构域中单个氨基酸变化的新机制选择性地失去了糖感应能力。这种负责味觉受体感觉转变的分子微开关的识别提供了脊椎动物感觉逆转的分子基础的一个例子，并为感觉受体进化过程中的结构功能关系提供了新的见解。
Sensory receptors evolve, and changes to their response profiles can directly impact sensory perception and affect diverse behaviors, from mate choice to foraging decisions.1–3Although receptor sensitivities can be highly contingent on changes occurring early in a lineage's evolutionary history,4subsequent shifts in a species' behavior and ecology may exert selective pressure to modify and even reverse sensory receptor capabilities.5–7Neither the extent to which sensory reversion occurs nor the mechanisms underlying such shifts is well understood. Using receptor profiling and behavioral tests, we uncover both an early gain and an unexpected subsequent loss of sugar sensing in woodpeckers, a primarily insectivorous family of landbirds.8,9Our analyses show that, similar to hummingbirds10and songbirds,4the ancestors of woodpeckers repurposed their T1R1-T1R3 savory receptor to detect sugars. Importantly, whereas woodpeckers seem to have broadly retained this ability, our experiments demonstrate that wrynecks (an enigmatic ant-eating group sister to all other woodpeckers) selectively lost sugar sensing through a novel mechanism involving a single amino acid change in the T1R3 transmembrane domain. The identification of this molecular microswitch responsible for a sensory shift in taste receptors provides an example of the molecular basis of a sensory reversion in vertebrates and offers novel insights into structure-function relationships during sensory receptor evolution.