Gestational exposures to organophosphorus insecticides: From acute poisoning to developmental neurotoxicity.
Gestational exposures to organophosphorus insecticides: From acute poisoning to developmental neurotoxicity.
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妊娠暴露于有机磷杀虫剂：从急性中毒到发育神经毒性。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108271
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Pereira EFR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Todd SW;Lumsden EW;Aracava Y;Mamczarz J;Albuquerque EX;Pereira EFR
在超过四分之三个世纪的时间里，有机磷(OP)杀虫剂在农业、住宅和商业环境以及公共卫生项目中普遍使用，以减轻昆虫传播的疾病。它们的广谱杀虫效果是由于昆虫神经系统中催化乙酰胆碱(ACh)水解酶的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)受到不可逆转的抑制。然而，由于乙酰胆碱酯酶在进化上是保守的，OP杀虫剂对包括人类在内的哺乳动物也是有毒的，在OP杀虫剂使用监管不力的国家，急性OP中毒仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。另一方面，暴露在环境中的OP水平通常太低，不能引起明显的AChE抑制，并引发急性中毒迹象，这是一个潜伏的全球公共卫生问题。孕期接触OP杀虫剂尤其令人担忧，因为发育中的大脑对这些杀虫剂非常敏感。本文综述和讨论了：(1)孕期急性有机磷农药中毒的健康影响和治疗措施；(2)孕期环境有机磷暴露与子代健康结局之间关系的流行病学研究；(3)临床前证据表明有机磷杀虫剂是发育神经毒物；(4)有机磷杀虫剂发育神经毒性的潜在机制。了解妊娠期接触不同水平的有机磷杀虫剂如何影响怀孕和儿童发育，对于指导实施预防措施和指导研究至关重要，这些研究旨在确定有效的治疗干预措施，以限制这些接触对公共卫生的负面影响。
For over three-quarters of a century, organophosphorus (OP) insecticides have been ubiquitously used in agricultural, residential, and commercial settings and in public health programs to mitigate insect borne diseases. Their broad-spectrum insecticidal effectiveness is accounted for by the irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme that catalyzes acetylcholine (ACh) hydrolysis, in the nervous system of insects. However, because AChE is evolutionarily conserved, OP insecticides are also toxic to mammals, including humans, and acute OP intoxication remains a major public health concern in countries where OP insecticide usage is poorly regulated. Environmental exposures to OP levels that are generally too low to cause marked inhibition of AChE and to trigger acute signs of intoxication, on the other hand, represent an insidious public health issue worldwide. Gestational exposures to OP insecticides are particularly concerning because of the exquisite sensitivity of the developing brain to these insecticides. The present article overviews and discusses: (i) the health effects and therapeutic management of acute OP poisoning during pregnancy, (ii) epidemiological studies examining associations between environmental OP exposures during gestation and health outcomes of offspring, (iii) preclinical evidence that OP insecticides are developmental neurotoxicants, and (iv) potential mechanisms underlying the developmental neurotoxicity of OP insecticides. Understanding how gestational exposures to different levels of OP insecticides affect pregnancy and childhood development is critical to guiding implementation of preventive measures and direct research aimed at identifying effective therapeutic interventions that can limit the negative impact of these exposures on public health.
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影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Balmer, Nina V.;Klima, Stefanie;Rempel, Eugen;Ivanova, Violeta N.;Kolde, Raivo;Weng, Matthias K.;Meganathan, Kesavan;Henry, Margit;Sachinidis, Agapios;Berthold, Michael R.;Hengstler, Jan G.;Rahnenfuhrer, Jorg;Waldmann, Tanja;Leist, Marcel
通讯作者：
Leist, Marcel
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Burke RD;Todd SW;Lumsden E;Mullins RJ;Mamczarz J;Fawcett WP;Gullapalli RP;Randall WR;Pereira EFR;Albuquerque EX
通讯作者：
Albuquerque EX
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Carr, Russell L.;Graves, Casey A.;Mangum, Lee C.;Nail, Carole A.;Ross, Matthew K.
通讯作者：
Ross, Matthew K.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Berghuis, Paul;Rajnicek, Ann M.;Harkany, Tibor
通讯作者：
Harkany, Tibor
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Adhikari, K.;Ghosh, A.;Datta, A. K.
通讯作者：
Datta, A. K.