Investigating the Impacts of Water Conservation on Water Quality in Distribution Networks Using an Advection-Dispersion Transport Model
Investigating the Impacts of Water Conservation on Water Quality in Distribution Networks Using an Advection-Dispersion Transport Model
复制标题
使用平流扩散输送模型研究节水对配水管网水质的影响
作者：
Ahmed A. Abokifa;Lu Xing;L. Sela
随着越来越多地采用需求管理策略和节约用水措施，预计未来的家庭用水量将下降。随后，消费者方面的需求减少，预计会导致供水管网的停留时间增加，从而可能对到达消费者水龙头的水质产生负面影响。本研究评估了预计的居民用水需求减少对wdn中WQ恶化的影响。这种恶化可能在wdn周围的死角分支中最为突出，那里的流量典型地低且间歇性。对死角分支中WQ退化的评估需要实现精确的WQ仿真模型。为此，首先引入了一个新的基于python的软件包WUDESIM_Py。WUDESIM_Py中的WQ模拟引擎基于平流-分散-反应模型，考虑了终端管道需水量的空间分布。WUDESIM_Py包含各种函数集，允许用户设置和执行WQ模拟，以及获取和可视化模拟结果。本文提供了对不同功能的完整描述，以及如何在不同应用程序中实现这些功能的示例。通过对基准wdn的广泛模拟，结果表明，广泛采用节水措施会导致死角分支的WQ显著恶化。此外，忽略分散运输和空间聚集需求可能会导致高估终端分支中余氯浓度，从而掩盖需求减少对WQ退化的实际影响。
With the increasing adoption of demand management strategies and water conservation practices, domestic water consumption is projected to decline in the future. The subsequent consumer-side demand reductions are expected to result in increased residence times in water distribution networks (WDNs), and thus could have negative effects on the water quality (WQ) reaching the consumers’ taps. This study evaluates the impacts of the projected decrease in residential water demands on the deterioration of the WQ in WDNs. This deterioration will likely be most prominent in the dead-end branches at the perimeters of WDNs, where the flow is characteristically low and intermittent. The assessment of WQ deterioration in the dead-end branches requires the implementation of an accurate WQ simulation model. To this end, a new Python-based software package, WUDESIM_Py, is first introduced. The WQ simulation engine in WUDESIM_Py is based on an advection-dispersion-reaction model and accounts for the spatial distribution of water demands along dead-end pipes. WUDESIM_Py comprises various sets of functions that allow the users to set-up and conduct WQ simulations as well as obtain and visualize simulation results. A complete description of the different functions, together with examples of how these functions can be implemented in different applications, is provided. Through conducting extensive simulations of benchmark WDNs, the results revealed that widespread adoption of water conservation practices can lead to significant WQ deterioration in the dead-end branches. Additionally, the results suggested that neglecting dispersive transport and spatially aggregating demands may result in overestimating residual chlorine concentrations in the dead-end branches, which could mask the real impacts of demand reduction on WQ deterioration.