Aided speech-identification performance in single-talker competition by older adults with impaired hearing.
Aided speech-identification performance in single-talker competition by older adults with impaired hearing.
复制标题
帮助听力受损的老年人在单人比赛中进行语音识别。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00740.x
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Coughlin,Maureen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Humes,LarryE;Coughlin,Maureen
本研究探讨了在一个谈话者的背景下，增加处理负荷对年轻人和老年人的闭集语音识别性能的影响。由于老年人听力受损，因此测量了频谱形状刺激的语音识别性能，与佩戴适配良好的助听器时的语音识别性能相当。有三组听众：（1）19名患有高频感音神经性听力损失的老年人;（2）10名听力正常的年轻人，他们使用与老年人相同的频谱形状刺激进行评估;（三）9名听力正常的年轻成年人，在没有频谱整形的情况下进行评估，目标竞争比较差，以使整体性能与老年人等同成年人了除了这个群体因素外，还有三个参与者内重复测量的自变量，旨在增加对目标和竞争性言语刺激的处理要求。这些是：（1）竞争意义（正向或反向播放）;（2）目标和竞争谈话者之间的性别匹配（相同或不同性别）;以及（3）谈话者不确定性（相同的目标/竞争谈话者对或每次试验中的许多这样的对之一）。在2 × 2 × 2析因设计中检查了这三个重复测量的自变量。 它们对语音识别表现出大致独立和叠加的影响，这些变量的组合会累积降低性能。老年人的表现比年轻人差，但随着处理负荷的减少，相对改善也有所减少。还研究了老年人表现的个体差异。
This study examined the effects of increased processing load on the closed‐set speech‐identification performance of young and older adults in a one‐talker background. Since the older adults had impaired hearing, speech‐identification performance was measured for spectrally shaped stimuli comparable to those experienced when wearing well‐fit hearing aids. There were three groups of listeners: (1) 19 older adults with high‐frequency sensorineural hearing loss; (2) 10 young adults with normal hearing who were assessed with the same spectrally shaped stimuli as the older adults; (3) 9 young adults with normal hearing who were assessed without spectral shaping and at a poorer target‐to‐competition ratio in an effort to equate overall performance to that of the older adults. In addition to this group factor, there were three within‐participant repeated‐measures independent variables designed to increase the demands on processing for the target and competing speech stimuli. These were: (1) competition meaningfulness (played in forward or reverse direction); (2) gender match between target and competing talkers (same or different gender); and (3) talker uncertainty (either the same target/competition talker pair or one of many such pairs on each trial). These three repeated‐measures independent variables were examined in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. They showed roughly independent and additive effects on speech‐identification such that combinations of these variables decreased performance cumulatively. Older adults performed worse than young adults across the board, but also showed diminished relative improvement as the processing load was decreased. Individual differences in performance among the older adults were also examined.