Task interference from event-based intentions can be material specific
Task interference from event-based intentions can be material specific
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03195926
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hicks, Jason L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marsh, Richard L.;Cook, Gabriel I.;Hicks, Jason L.
在前瞻记忆任务中，当一个意图以某种方式对正在进行的活动的表现产生不利影响时，就会发生任务干扰。一些研究表明，任务干扰可以表现在较慢的睡眠时间来执行正在进行的任务。最近的证据表明，将意图与某些表现背景相关联会影响前瞻性记忆表现（参见，例如，Cook，Marsh，& Hicks，2005）。在本研究中，一个意图与一个特定的刺激类，如图片或文字。我们发现，任务干扰可以减少时，参与者可以可靠地预测，即将被处理的材料是无关的意图。在两个实验中，在两种不同材料的随机序列中逐个试验地发现了这种材料特异性干扰效应，并在另一个实验中进行了阻断操作。这些结果表明，任务干扰不是一个单一的结构，而是从动态和灵活的注意力分配策略，可以改变一个试验的基础上。
Task interference occurs in prospective memory tasks when an intention deleteriously affects performance on an ongoing activity in some way. Several studies have shown that task interference can manifest itself in slower latencies to perform an ongoing task. Recent evidence demonstrates that associating intentions to certain performance contexts affects prospective memory performance (see, e.g., Cook, Marsh, & Hicks, 2005). In the present study, an intention was associated with a particular stimulus class, such as pictures or words. We found that task interference could be reduced when participants could reliably predict that the material about to be processed was irrelevant to the intention. This material-specific interference effect was found on a trial-by-trial basis in a random sequence of two different kinds of materials across two experiments and with blocking manipulation in another experiment. These results demonstrate that task interference is not a monolithic construct; rather, it results from dynamic and flexible attentional allocation strategies that can change on a trial-by-trial basis.