Transfers of vulnerability through adaptation plan implementation: an analysis based on networks of feedback control loops
Transfers of vulnerability through adaptation plan implementation: an analysis based on networks of feedback control loops
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DOI：
10.5751/es-11402-250203
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Bousquet, Francois
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barreteau, Olivier;Anderies, John M.;Bousquet, Francois
随着世界各地在多个规模和组织层次上产生越来越多的适应计划，计划之间的协调问题正在成为一个重大挑战。我们专注于如何缺乏协调可能会限制他们的效率作为潜在的脆弱性转移的结果。本文着重于自主反馈控制回路，代表适应过程之间的相互依存关系，使自主行动和（社会生态）系统水平之间的联系。这些相互依赖性使得一个适应行为者的脆弱性因另一个行为者脆弱性的降低而发生变化。我们将这种变化背后的过程称为“脆弱性转移”，并建议需要查明这些过程，以便行为者可以达成协议，明确解决这些问题。对反馈控制循环中涉及的每个步骤进行彻底分析可以识别潜在的相互依赖性，从而导致七种基本类型的漏洞转移。在三个沿海案例研究中观察到的脆弱性转移的实例分析表明，反馈控制回路网络评估，事前，潜在的脆弱性转移的适用性。示例案例包括所有类型的理论上可能的漏洞转移。初步的实证调查显示，共享基础设施在产生脆弱性转移方面的相对重要性。它还有助于揭示被遗忘的联系，以避免在每个自治机构的管辖范围之外降低适应进程的效率。我们的代表有助于更全面地事先确定转让，从而有可能讨论和管理转让。
With the increasing number of adaptation plans being generated across the world at multiple scales and levels of organization, the issue of coordination among plans is emerging as a significant challenge. We focus on how lack of coordination may constrain their efficiency as a result of potential transfers of vulnerability. This paper focuses on interdependencies between autonomous feedback control loops that represent adaptation processes and makes the link between autonomous action and (social-ecological) system levels. These interdependencies allow changes in vulnerability of one adaptation actor as a consequence of the reduction of vulnerability of another actor. We refer to the processes behind such changes as "vulnerability transfers" and suggest the need for their identification so that actors may make agreements to address them explicitly. A thorough analysis of each step involved in a feedback control loop enables the identification of potential interdependencies, leading to seven basic types of vulnerability transfer. The analysis of example cases of observed transfers of vulnerability in three coastal case studies then demonstrate the suitability of feedback control loop networks to assess, ex-ante, potential vulnerability transfers. The example cases feature all types of theoretically possible vulnerability transfers. Initial empirical investigation showcases the relative importance of shared infrastructures in generating transfers of vulnerability. It also helps to reveal forgotten links to avoid decreasing efficiency of adaptation processes beyond each autonomous agent's jurisdiction. Our representation contributes to a more comprehensive ex-ante identification of transfers and hence the possibility to discuss and manage them.