Effect of the Nature of Subsequent Environment on Oxytocin and Cortisol Secretion in Maltreated Children.
Effect of the Nature of Subsequent Environment on Oxytocin and Cortisol Secretion in Maltreated Children.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00173
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Tomoda A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mizushima SG;Fujisawa TX;Takiguchi S;Kumazaki H;Tanaka S;Tomoda A
儿童期虐待(CM)，包括虐待和忽视，是扭曲儿童发展的关键因素。肌萎缩侧索硬化症与许多脑区的改变有关，也可能与激素失调有关。本研究旨在探讨患有CM的儿童与居住在托儿所和不稳定环境中的儿童之间皮质醇(CT)和催产素(OT)分泌模式的差异。在38名受虐待儿童中，23名(平均年龄 = 12.2 岁，SD = 3.0)被归类为“已解决”，15名(平均年龄 = 13.1 岁，SD = 2.2)被归类为“未解决”。26名年龄和性别匹配(平均年龄 = 为12.6 岁，SD = 为2.1岁)、典型发育中(TD)儿童也包括在内。对所有参与者进行了临床和心理评估，包括智商和创伤评估。在激素分析中使用了年龄、性别和满分智商作为协变量。采集了两个唾液样本，一个是在醒来时，另一个是在睡前。“不稳定”组觉醒时CT水平、“稳定”组睡前OT水平与TD儿童、CM组间差异均有统计学意义。此外，在“稳定”和“未稳定”的CM组之间，创伤症状性抑郁评分有显著差异。这些结果表明，CT的每日分泌物倾向于对当前的应激反应而不是以前的经验。OT的日间分泌物可能是为了应对生存和繁荣的环境而受到高度调节的。通过测量唾液CT/OT的昼夜模式，发现生活在“稳定”环境和“不稳定”环境中的CM儿童荷尔蒙失调。
Childhood maltreatment (CM), including abuse and neglect, is a crucial factor that distorts child development. CM is associated with alterations in numerous brain regions, and may be associated with hormonal dysregulation. This study aimed to investigate differences in secretion patterns of cortisol (CT) and oxytocin (OT) among children who experienced CM, children living in residential care facilities and in unstable environments. Among 38 maltreated children, 23 (mean age = 12.2 years, SD = 3.0) were categorized as “Settled” and 15 (mean age = 13.1 years, SD = 2.2) as “Unsettled.” Twenty-six age- and gender-matched (mean age = 12.6 years, SD = 2.1), typically developing (TD) children were also included. Clinical and psychological assessments, including IQ and trauma evaluations, were conducted for all participants. Age, gender, and full-scale IQ were used as covariates in hormone analysis. Two saliva samples were collected, one on awakening and the other at bedtime. There were significant differences in the awakening CT levels of the “Unsettled” group, and in bedtime OT levels in the “Settled” group as compared with TD children, and between CM groups. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in trauma-symptomatic depression scores between the “Settled” and “Unsettled” CM group. These results suggest that CT diurnal secretions tend to be reactive to current stress rather than previous experience. OT diurnal secretions are presumably hyper-regulated for coping with the environment to survive and thrive. By measuring salivary CT/OT diurnal patterns, hormonal dysregulation of CM children living in “Settled” environments and “Unsettled” environments was indicated.