Environmental Variance Components of Fruit Ripening Date as Used in Both Phenotypic and Marker-assisted Selection in Japanese Pear Breeding
Environmental Variance Components of Fruit Ripening Date as Used in Both Phenotypic and Marker-assisted Selection in Japanese Pear Breeding
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DOI：
10.21273/hortsci.46.11.1540
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Saito, Toshihiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishio, Sogo;Yamada, Masahiko;Saito, Toshihiro
在果树育种中，检测到的数量性状位点（QTL）及其相关分子标记的有效性是通过检测到的QTL效应的方差占性状的遗传方差而不是表型方差的百分比来衡量的。遗传方差可以通过从表型方差中减去环境方差来获得。一旦对于给定的选择场获得准确的环境方差分量，就可以估计任何数量的重复和测量重复下的环境方差。我们估计的环境方差分量的果实成熟日期测定的日子在日本梨（梨梨）育种领域的国家果树科学研究所，筑波，茨木，日本。我们估计树内果实间方差（sigma（2）（f））为25.6，基因型内树间方差（sigma（2）（t））为0.2，年份间方差（sigma（2）（y））为9.4，与基因型x年份相互作用相关的方差（sigma（2）（戈伊））为7.9，与树x年份相互作用相关的方差（sigma（2）（ty））为1.2。因为sigma（2）（f）是最大的环境方差分量，增加评估的果实数量将最有效地减少环境方差，并且树复制不会因为非常小的sigma（2）（t）和sigma（2）（ty）。基因型值的95%置信限为+/- 10天，在一年内评价一棵树上的五个果实，在2年内评价+/- 7天。在一个家庭中，每个后代在一年内使用五个水果在一棵树上进行评估，广义遗传力估计为0.83三个全同胞家庭分析。
The effectiveness of detected quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and molecular markers associated with them in tree fruit breeding is measured by the percentages of the variance associated with detected QTL effects accounting for not phenotypic variance, but genetic variance of the trait. The genetic variance can be obtained by subtracting environmental variance from the phenotypic variance. Once accurate environmental variance components are obtained for a given selection field, environmental variances under any number of replications and measurement repetitions can be estimated. We estimated environmental variance components of fruit ripening date measured by days in a Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) breeding field in the National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. We estimated variance among fruits within a tree (sigma(2)(f)) as 25.6, among trees within a genotype (sigma(2)(t)) as 0.2, among years (sigma(2)(y)) as 9.4, associated with genotype x year interaction (sigma(2)(gy)) as 7.9, and associated with tree x year interaction (sigma(2)(ty)) as 1.2. Because sigma(2)(f) was the largest environmental variance component, increasing the number of fruit evaluated would most effectively reduce the environmental variance, and tree replication would not because of very small sigma(2)(t) and sigma(2)(ty). The 95% confidence limit of a genotypic value was +/- 10 days in the evaluation of five fruits on a single tree in a year and +/- 7 days over 2 years. Broad-sense heritability in a family, each offspring in which was evaluated using five fruits on a single tree in a single year, was estimated at 0.83 for three full-sib families analyzed.