Nitrogen and fungicide applications against Erysiphe cruciferarum affect quality components of oilseed rape
Nitrogen and fungicide applications against Erysiphe cruciferarum affect quality components of oilseed rape
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DOI：
10.1007/s11046-007-9070-3
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Egesel, Cem O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mert-Turk, Figen;Gul, M. Kemal;Egesel, Cem O.
油菜（Brassica napus L.）是温带气候中最重要的油料作物之一。十字花科白粉病菌是油菜的一种重要病害，在欧洲温暖地区造成作物损失。研究了氮肥和杀菌剂处理对小麦白粉病的防治效果。利用近红外光谱（NIRS）技术，研究了油菜籽中蛋白质、油分、油酸、亚麻酸及芥子酸酯（SAE）、芥子油苷（GSL）等有害物质对油菜籽中十字花科植物（Cruciferarum）的影响。以5个感病油菜品种为材料，设不施氮肥不杀菌（N-0 - F-0）、不施氮肥杀菌（N-0 - F-1）、施氮肥不杀菌（N-1 - F-0）、施氮肥杀菌（N-1 - F-1）4个处理。施氮提高了种子的蛋白质含量，但降低了种子的含油量。杀真菌处理显着增加了所有品种的油含量，但降低了蛋白质水平，在施肥和不施肥的地块。亚麻酸的水平没有显着变化，在任何处理组合的任何地块;在大多数基因型的油酸水平观察到类似的结果。施氮肥增加GSL和SAE水平，而杀真菌处理没有影响。结果表明，施氮对油菜品质有显著影响，而施用杀菌剂可降低氮肥的副作用，降低GSL、SAE和蛋白质含量，提高总油分和油酸含量。
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops in temperate climates. Erysiphe cruciferarum is an important disease of oilseed rape and causes crop loss in warmer areas of Europe. The research investigated the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and fungicidal treatment against powdery mildew infection caused by E. cruciferarum of oilseed rape on seed components, including protein, oil, oleic acid, linolenic acid and undesirable substances such as sinapic acid esters (SAE) and glucosinolates (GSL), using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Five susceptible oilseed rape varieties were employed in this research using four treatment groups: no nitrogen fertilization and no fungicidal treatment (N-0 - F-0); no nitrogen fertilization but fungicidal treatment (N-0 - F-1); and nitrogen fertilization but no fungicidal treatment (N-1 - F-0); nitrogen fertilization and fungicidal treatment (N-1 - F-1). Nitrogen fertilization increased the protein, but lowered the oil content, of the seeds. Fungicidal treatments significantly increased oil contents in all varieties tested, however reduced protein levels in fertilized and non-fertilized plots. The level of linolenic acid did not change significantly in any plots of any treatment combinations; a similar result was observed in the level of oleic acid in most of the genotypes. Nitrogen fertilization increased GSL and SAE levels, whereas fungicidal treatment had no effect. Our findings demonstrated that nitrogen fertilization can markedly influence some quality parameters in oilseed rape; however, the application of fungicides reduced side effects of nitrogen fertilizer and resulted a reduction on GSL, SAE and protein contents but an increase on total oil and oleic acid contents.