Thermal Acclimation Ability Varies in Temperate and Tropical Aquatic Insects from Different Elevations
Thermal Acclimation Ability Varies in Temperate and Tropical Aquatic Insects from Different Elevations
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不同海拔的温带和热带水生昆虫的热适应能力有所不同
DOI：
10.1093/icb/icx101
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ghalambor, Cameron K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shah, Alisha A;Funk, W Chris;Ghalambor, Cameron K
长期以来，人们认识到，不同环境中的种群和物种在其耐热性方面存在差异。然而，很少有人关注不同环境对热敏性塑性调节能力的影响，即，驯化能力一个假设是，环境的特点是更大的热变率和季节性应有利于提高驯化能力的演变相比，环境是季节性或热稳定。此外，选择高耐热性的生物体可能会经历权衡并失去适应能力。很少有研究已经测试了这些非互斥的假设，在广泛的纬度和当地的海拔尺度上的共生配对类群。在这里，我们测量短期驯化能力的临界热最大值（CTMAX）在密切相关的温带和热带蜉蝣（蜉蝣目）和石蝇（Plecoptera）从山溪在不同海拔。我们发现，溪流温度是一个很好的预测适应能力的蜉蝣，但不是在石蝇。具体而言，热带蜉蝣表现出较低的适应能力与温带同行。高海拔地区的热带蜉蝣比低海拔地区的蜉蝣具有更强的适应能力，这反映了高海拔地区溪流中温度变化更大。相比之下，温带和热带石蝇表现出类似的适应反应。我们没有发现任何证据的耐热性和驯化能力之间的权衡在任何分类顺序。石蝇的驯化反应可能反映了它们的温带起源或觅食模式。结合以往的研究表明，热带类群具有较窄的热宽度，这些结果表明，许多低海拔的热带水生昆虫比它们的温带亲戚更容易受到气候变暖的影响。
It has long been recognized that populations and species occupying different environments vary in their thermal tolerance traits. However, far less attention has been given to the impact of different environments on the capacity for plastic adjustments in thermal sensitivity, i.e., acclimation ability. One hypothesis is that environments characterized by greater thermal variability and seasonality should favor the evolution of increased acclimation ability compared with environments that are aseasonal or thermally stable. Additionally, organisms under selection for high heat tolerance may experience a trade-off and lose acclimation ability. Few studies have tested these non-mutually exclusive hypotheses at both broad latitudinal and local elevation scales in phylogenetically paired taxa. Here, we measure short-term acclimation ability of the critical thermal maximum (CTMAX) in closely related temperate and tropical mayflies (Ephemeroptera) and stoneflies (Plecoptera) from mountain streams at different elevations. We found that stream temperature was a good predictor of acclimation ability in mayflies, but not in stoneflies. Specifically, tropical mayflies showed reduced acclimation ability compared with their temperate counterparts. High elevation tropical mayflies had greater acclimation ability than low elevation mayflies, which reflected the wider temperature variation experienced in high elevation streams. In contrast, temperate and tropical stoneflies exhibited similar acclimation responses. We found no evidence for a trade-off between heat tolerance and acclimation ability in either taxonomic order. The acclimation response in stoneflies may reflect their temperate origin or foraging mode. In combination with previous studies showing tropical taxa have narrower thermal breadths, these results demonstrate that many lower elevation tropical aquatic insects are more vulnerable to climate warming than their temperate relatives.