Contrasts between the cryoconite and ice-marginal bacterial communities of Svalbard glaciers
Contrasts between the cryoconite and ice-marginal bacterial communities of Svalbard glaciers
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DOI：
10.3402/polar.v32i0.19468
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Griffith, Gareth Wyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards, Arwyn;Rassner, Sara M. E.;Griffith, Gareth Wyn
冰柱洞是全球冰川表面异常高的微生物多样性和活动的焦点，包括由生物颗粒碎片使冰变暗形成的融洞。尽管最近的研究将cryoconite微生物群落结构与cryoconite栖息地的功能联系起来，但对cryoconite细菌群落的形成过程知之甚少。特别是，断言该社区是强烈的影响，从冰缘栖息地和潜在的cryoconite微生物的冰前栖息地的生物群的风沙转移是很差的量化，尽管他们的寿命在文献中。因此，细菌群落结构的cryoconite孔高北极冰川进行了比较，在邻近的冰碛和苔原使用终端限制性片段长度多态性的细菌群落。观察到不同的群落结构的cryoconite和冰边缘社区。两种生境类型中只存在少数几种微孢子虫类型，这意味着冰缘生境与冰缘生境相比，冰缘生境包含独特的细菌类群生态位。奇怪的是，cryoconite和冰边缘的网站最好的拟合模型有关的继承，ESTA型丰度分布。我们的分析清楚地表明，cryoconites有自己的，不同的功能微生物群落，尽管从其他栖息地的细胞的显着输入。
Cryoconite holes are foci of unusually high microbial diversity and activity on glacier surfaces worldwide, comprising melt-holes formed by the darkening of ice by biogenic granular debris. Despite recent studies linking cryoconite microbial community structure to the functionality of cryoconite habitats, little is known of the processes shaping the cryoconite bacterial community. In particular, the assertions that the community is strongly influenced by aeolian transfer of biota from ice-marginal habitats and the potential for cryoconite microbes to inoculate proglacial habitats are poorly quantified despite their longevity in the literature. Therefore, the bacterial community structures of cryoconite holes on three High-Arctic glaciers were compared to bacterial communities in adjacent moraines and tundra using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Distinct community structures for cryoconite and ice-marginal communities were observed. Only a minority of phylotypes are present in both habitat types, implying that cryoconite habitats comprise distinctive niches for bacterial taxa when compared to ice-marginal habitats. Curiously, phylotype abundance distributions for both cryoconite and ice-marginal sites best fit models relating to succession. Our analyses demonstrate clearly that cryoconites have their own, distinct functional microbial communities despite significant inputs of cells from other habitats.