Modeling Transition Metals in East Asia and Japan and Its Emission Sources.
Modeling Transition Metals in East Asia and Japan and Its Emission Sources.
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DOI：
10.1029/2020gh000259
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发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Igarashi Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kajino M;Hagino H;Fujitani Y;Morikawa T;Fukui T;Onishi K;Okuda T;Kajikawa T;Igarashi Y
根据颗粒物形态数据库中自下而上的颗粒物清单和金属概况，编制了亚洲（Δx = 0.25°，每月，2000-2008年）和日本（Δx = 2 km，每小时，主要是2012年）的人为过渡金属排放清单，这些金属对气溶胶氧化势（OP）有贡献。新的清单分别被命名为过渡金属清单（TMI）-亚洲v1.0和TMI-日本v1.0。通过试剂实验，确定了PM2.5和PM10中对OP有贡献的10种过渡金属元素，即Cu、Mn、Co、V、Ni、Pb、Fe、Zn、Cd和Cr。此外，还对日本各部门在过渡金属排放中的贡献进行了研究。道路制动器和钢铁工业是主要来源，其次是其他金属工业，导航，焚烧，发电厂和铁路。为了验证排放清单的有效性，分别在东亚和日本模拟了Δx = 30 km和Δx = 5 km区域的人为尘和矿物尘中的Cu、Mn、V、Ni、Pb、Fe、Zn和Cr等8种元素，并与日本全国PM2.5元素的季节性观测和总悬浮颗粒物的长期连续观测进行了比较（2013年在日本约纳戈举行的TSPs）。大部分模拟元素与观测值基本一致，而Cu和Pb被显著高估。这是第一次全面研究OP活性元素排放清单的开发和评估，但需要进一步改进。编制了亚洲和日本的过渡金属排放清单，这些金属对气溶胶氧化电位（OP）有贡献。大多数模拟元素（Mn、V、Ni、Fe、Zn和Cr）与观测结果一致，而Cu和Pb被显著高估。道路制动和钢铁工业是主要来源，其次是金属工业、导航、焚烧、发电厂和铁路。
Emission inventories of anthropogenic transition metals, which contribute to aerosol oxidative potential (OP), in Asia (Δx = 0.25°, monthly, 2000–2008) and Japan (Δx = 2 km, hourly, mainly 2012) were developed, based on bottom‐up inventories of particulate matters and metal profiles in a speciation database for particulate matters. The new inventories are named Transition Metal Inventory (TMI)‐Asia v1.0 and TMI‐Japan v1.0, respectively. It includes 10 transition metals in PM2.5 and PM10, which contributed to OP based on reagent experiments, namely, Cu, Mn, Co, V, Ni, Pb, Fe, Zn, Cd, and Cr. The contributions of sectors in the transition metals emission in Japan were also investigated. Road brakes and iron‐steel industry are primary sources, followed by other metal industry, navigation, incineration, power plants, and railway. In order to validate the emission inventory, eight elements such as Cu, Mn, V, Ni, Pb, Fe, Zn, and Cr in anthropogenic dust and those in mineral dust were simulated over East Asia and Japan with Δx = 30 km and Δx = 5 km domains, respectively, and compared against the nation‐wide seasonal observations of PM2.5 elements in Japan and the long‐term continuous observations of total suspended particles (TSPs) at Yonago, Japan in 2013. Most of the simulated elements generally agreed with the observations, while Cu and Pb were significantly overestimated. This is the first comprehensive study on the development and evaluation of emission inventory of OP active elements, but further improvement is needed. Emission inventories of transition metals, which contribute to aerosol oxidative potential (OP), in Asia and Japan were developed Most of simulated elements (Mn, V, Ni, Fe, Zn, and Cr) agreed with observation, while Cu and Pb were significantly overestimated Road brakes and iron‐steel industry are primary sources, followed by metal industry, navigation, incineration, power plants, and railway