Quantifying soil erosion and sediment yield in a catchment in southern Brazil and implications for land conservation
Quantifying soil erosion and sediment yield in a catchment in southern Brazil and implications for land conservation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11368-015-1160-0
复制
发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
E. J. Didoné;J. Minella;G. Merten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. J. Didoné;J. Minella;G. Merten
目的虽然农业约占巴西 GDP 的 30%，但流域范围内有关土地利用、土壤管理、水文和水质的数据很少。材料和方法本研究旨在调查巴西高原南部当前土壤管理实践与其对土壤侵蚀、产沙量和水流影响之间的联系。监测是在一个农村流域进行的，尽管广泛使用免耕技术，但仍有明显的土壤侵蚀和地表径流证据。测量了两年（2011 年和 2012 年）的径流 (Q) 和悬浮泥沙浓度 (SSC)。 结果与讨论 研究表明，流域内总侵蚀值升高与地表径流潜在较高和土壤渗透较低的区域有关，这可能是由于土壤管理措施不当和土壤过度压实造成的。还指出，流域内大片地区的土壤流失率高于该地区和耕作系统可接受的限度。结论结果表明，在该流域目前实行的免耕土壤保持系统下，存在与地表径流和产沙量相关的重大环境问题。
PurposeAlthough agriculture represents about 30 % of Brazil’s GDP, there are few data at the catchment scale on land use, soil management, hydrology, and water quality.Materials and methodsThis study aimed to investigate the connections between current soil management practices in the southern Brazilian Plateau and their impacts on soil erosion, sediment yield, and streamflow. The monitoring was performed in a rural catchment with significant evidence of soil erosion and surface runoff despite widespread use of no-till. Streamflow (Q) and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were measured over 2 years (2011 and 2012).Results and discussionThe study shows that elevated gross erosion values in the catchment are associated with areas of potentially high surface runoff and low soil infiltration, possibly caused by inadequate soil management practices and excessive soil compaction. It was also noted that a large area in the catchment had higher soil loss rates than the limits considered acceptable for both the region and the tillage system.ConclusionsResults indicate that there are significant environmental problems associated with surface runoff and sediment yield under the no-till system of soil conservation as currently practiced in this catchment.