Research Progress on the use of Plant Allelopathy in Agriculture and the Physiological and Ecological Mechanisms of Allelopathy.
Research Progress on the use of Plant Allelopathy in Agriculture and the Physiological and Ecological Mechanisms of Allelopathy.
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植物化感作用在农业中的应用及化感作用的生理生态机制研究进展
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2015.01020
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Cheng Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng F;Cheng Z
化感作用是一种常见的生物现象，一种生物通过产生生物化学物质影响其他生物的生长、生存、发育和繁殖。这些生物化学物质被称为化感物质，对目标生物体具有有益或有害的影响。植物化感作用是受体和供体植物之间相互作用的模式之一，并且可以发挥积极的作用（例如，用于农业管理，例如杂草控制、作物保护或作物重建）或负面影响（例如，自毒、土壤病或生物入侵）。为了确保农业的可持续发展，重要的是开发利用化感植物的刺激/抑制影响来调节植物生长和发育并避免化感自毒的栽培系统。化感物质可用作生长调节剂、除草剂、杀虫剂和抗微生物作物保护产品。本文综述了植物化感作用在农业上的应用及化感作用机理的研究进展。主要内容如下：（1）农业化感作用及化感物质的管理措施。(2)讨论了化感物质的作用方式和化感作用的生理机制的进展，包括对细胞微观和超微结构、细胞分裂和伸长、膜透性、氧化和抗氧化系统、生长调节系统、呼吸、酶的合成和代谢、光合作用、矿物离子吸收、蛋白质和核酸合成的影响。(3)化感作用对微生物和生态环境影响的生态机制评价。(4)讨论了该领域存在的问题并对今后的研究方向提出了建议，以期为今后植物化感作用的研究提供有益的参考。
Allelopathy is a common biological phenomenon by which one organism produces biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, development, and reproduction of other organisms. These biochemicals are known as allelochemicals and have beneficial or detrimental effects on target organisms. Plant allelopathy is one of the modes of interaction between receptor and donor plants and may exert either positive effects (e.g., for agricultural management, such as weed control, crop protection, or crop re-establishment) or negative effects (e.g., autotoxicity, soil sickness, or biological invasion). To ensure sustainable agricultural development, it is important to exploit cultivation systems that take advantage of the stimulatory/inhibitory influence of allelopathic plants to regulate plant growth and development and to avoid allelopathic autotoxicity. Allelochemicals can potentially be used as growth regulators, herbicides, insecticides, and antimicrobial crop protection products. Here, we reviewed the plant allelopathy management practices applied in agriculture and the underlying allelopathic mechanisms described in the literature. The major points addressed are as follows: (1) Description of management practices related to allelopathy and allelochemicals in agriculture. (2) Discussion of the progress regarding the mode of action of allelochemicals and the physiological mechanisms of allelopathy, consisting of the influence on cell micro- and ultra-structure, cell division and elongation, membrane permeability, oxidative and antioxidant systems, growth regulation systems, respiration, enzyme synthesis and metabolism, photosynthesis, mineral ion uptake, protein and nucleic acid synthesis. (3) Evaluation of the effect of ecological mechanisms exerted by allelopathy on microorganisms and the ecological environment. (4) Discussion of existing problems and proposal for future research directions in this field to provide a useful reference for future studies on plant allelopathy.