CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN CLIMBING FIBER INPUT AND MOTOR OUTPUT IN EYEBLINK-RELATED AREAS IN CAT CEREBELLAR CORTEX
CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN CLIMBING FIBER INPUT AND MOTOR OUTPUT IN EYEBLINK-RELATED AREAS IN CAT CEREBELLAR CORTEX
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1994.sp020126
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发表时间：
1994-04-15
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
HESSLOW, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HESSLOW, G
1.目前的工作的目的是确定在小脑皮质的网站可能控制眨眼。这项工作的动机是研究结果表明，小脑参与学习和/或经典条件眨眼反应的表现。识别是基于攀爬纤维输入到皮层和电刺激小脑皮质的影响，在猫去大脑吻侧的红核。小脑表面搜索接受眶周电刺激的短潜伏期攀爬纤维输入的区域。在小脑前叶第VI小叶和第VII小叶的c1和c3区以及旁正中叶的c3区发现了四个这样的区域。电刺激小脑皮质的列车（150-400 Hz）的至少10 ms的持续时间诱发两种类型的眼轮匝肌的EMG反应。早期的反应，时间锁定的刺激的发作，是无关的攀登纤维输入和延迟的反应，时间锁定的刺激的终止，只能引起从接收短潜伏期攀登纤维输入的眼睛，即C1和C3区。延迟反应在刺激串终止后有较长的延迟时间（可达50 ms），延长刺激时间可使延迟反应进一步延迟.这两种类型的反应被取消注射少量的木质素到肱结膜。描述了延迟响应的一些特征。对小脑皮层的同一区域进行进一步的电击可以抑制它们。增加刺激频率可延长其潜伏期。在刺激和反应出现之间的时期，自发EMG活动经常显示出减少。输入和输出之间有密切的地形对应关系。延迟反应可以从c1的所有四个区域诱发。和具有来自眶周区域的攀爬纤维输入的C3区。它们不能从其他领域被唤起。相比之下，早期反应只在没有这种攀爬纤维输入的区域诱发。有人提出，延迟响应产生的浦肯野细胞轴突的激活，导致超极化和随后的反弹去极化和激活的细胞在间位核。因此，皮质区可能参与眼轮匝肌的控制。小脑的功能组织以及其在经典条件反射的作用的影响进行了讨论。特别是，值得注意的是，结果是一致的假设，即有小脑微区控制单个肌肉或肌肉群，并接收攀爬纤维输入信号的错误，在相应的肌肉的行为。
1. The purpose of the present work was to identify sites in the cerebellar cortex which are likely to control eyeblink. This work was motivated by findings suggesting that the cerebellum is involved in the learning and/or performance of the classically conditioned eyeblink response. The identification was based on climbing fibre input to the cortex and on the effects of electrical stimulation of the cerebellar cortex in cats decerebrated rostral to the red nucleus.2. The cerebellar surface was searched for areas receiving short latency climbing fibre input on periorbital electrical stimulation. Four such areas were found in the c1 and c3 zones of lobules VI and VII in the anterior lobe of the cerebellum and in the c3 zone in the paramedian lobule.3. Electrical stimulation of the cerebellar cortex with trains (150-400 Hz) of at least 10 ms duration evoked two types of EMG response in the orbicularis oculi muscle. An early response, time-locked to the onset of the stimulation, was unrelated to climbing fibre input and a delayed response, time-locked to the termination of the stimulation, could only be evoked from areas which received short latency climbing fibre input from the eye, that is, the c1 and c3 zones. The delayed responses had long latencies (up to 50 ms) after the termination of the stimulus train and could be delayed further by prolonging the stimulation.4. Both types of response were abolished by injections of small amounts of lignocaine into the brachium conjunctivum.5. A number of characteristics of the delayed responses are described. They could be inhibited by a further shock to the same area of the cerebellar cortex. Their latency could be increased by increasing the stimulation frequency. The period between stimulation and appearance of the response often showed a decrease in spontaneous EMG activity.6. There was a close topographical correspondence between input and output. Delayed responses could be evoked from all four of the areas in the c1. and c3 zones which have climbing fibre input from the periorbital area. They could not be evoked from other areas. In contrast, early responses were only evoked from areas without such climbing fibre input.7. It is proposed that the delayed responses were generated by activation of Purkinje cell axons leading to hyperpolarization and a subsequent rebound depolarization and activation of cells in the interpositus nucleus. The cortical areas are therefore probably involved in the control of the orbicularis oculi muscle.8. The implications for the functional organization of the cerebellum as well as for its role in classical conditioning are discussed. In particular, it is noted that the results are consistent with the hypothesis that there are cerebellar microzones controlling single muscles or muscle groups and receiving climbing fibre input which signal errors in the behaviour of the corresponding muscle.