From alienation to familiarity: experiences of mothers and fathers of preterm infants
From alienation to familiarity: experiences of mothers and fathers of preterm infants
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02686.x
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Schollin, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson, K;Ternestedt, BM;Schollin, J
背景资料。早产儿的出生对父母双方都有长期的影响。与父亲相比，母亲的压力更大，适应能力更差。影响因素，如家庭状况和儿童的健康状况，可以支持或削弱父母的应对能力。关于父亲经历的研究很少。这项研究的目的是研究早产儿的母亲和父亲如何描述他们在婴儿出生后18个月的亲子经历。连续选择了7组早产儿的父母，他们在出生后1-2周以及2、6和18个月大时出生，没有严重的先天缺陷，并用现象学方法对结果进行了分析。父母的内化被描述为一个依赖于时间的过程，有四种经验的合成-疏远、责任、自信和熟悉。在这些合成中，父母在描述父母角色方面的相似之处包括对孩子的担忧、不安全感、适应以及与孩子的关系。关于不同之处，母亲经历了更多的照顾责任和控制，需要被确认为母亲，而父亲描述了将照顾留给工作人员的信心，并希望在工作和家庭生活之间找到平衡。在为人父母的经历中，重要的转折点往往发生在婴儿可以从保育箱中取出、从病房出院，以及婴儿与足月婴儿相比看起来正常的时候。亲子关系的结构是疏离感、责任感、自信心和熟悉感综合作用的结果。这种结构似乎是基于父母对父母角色、婴儿健康状况和保健环境的期望。这些相互作用的因素受到文化信仰的影响。
Background. The birth of a preterm infant has a long-term impact on both parents. Mothers report more stress and poor adjustment compared with fathers. Influencing factors, such as family situation and health status of the child, can support or weaken the coping ability of the parents. Studies on experiences of fathers are sparse.Aim. The aim of this research was to study how mothers and fathers of preterm infants describe their experiences of parenthood during the infant's first 18 months of life.Methods. Seven consecutively selected sets of parents of preterm infants born at less than or equal to34 weeks of gestation with no serious congenital defects were interviewed 1-2 weeks after the infant's birth and at 2, 6 and 18 months of age, and the findings were analysed using a phenomenological method.Findings. Internalization of parenthood was described as a time-dependent process, with four syntheses of experiences - alienation, responsibility, confidence and familiarity. Within the syntheses, similarities in how mothers and fathers described their parental roles involved concern for the child, insecurity, adjustment and relationship with the child. Regarding differences, mothers experienced having more responsibility and control of the care and a need to be confirmed as a mother, while fathers described confidence in leaving the care to the staff and wanted to find a balance between work and family life. Important turning points in parenthood experiences often occurred when the infant could be removed from the incubator, discharged from the ward, and when the infant looked normal compared to full-term infants.Conclusions. The structure of the phenomenon of parenthood was formed by the integration of the syntheses of alienation, responsibility, confidence and familiarity. The structure seems to be based on the parents' expectations of the parental role, the infant's health condition and the health care environment. These interacting factors are influenced by cultural beliefs.