Ichthyosaurian palaeopathology: evidence of injury and disease in fossil ‘fish lizards’
Ichthyosaurian palaeopathology: evidence of injury and disease in fossil ‘fish lizards’
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鱼龙古病理学:鱼蜥蜴化石中损伤和疾病的证据
DOI:
10.1111/jzo.12517
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Maxwell
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pardo-Pérez;Gómez;Moroni;Maxwell
The documented record of ichthyosaurian paleopathologies reveals an array of injury‐related bone modifications and instances of disease evidenced through multiple clades, skeletal regions and body‐size classes from the Middle Triassic to middle Cretaceous. Examples include traumatic injuries, as well as a high incidence of articular diseases, including avascular necrosis. Forelimb pathologies are particularly abundant (65% of total reported), and the glenoid region seems to have been especially prone to articular disease. In contrast, pathologies affecting the vertebral column are comparatively underrepresented (6% of reported pathologies). Also notable is the disproportionate commonality of osteopathologies in ichthyosaurian taxa between 2 and 6 m in length (54%), as opposed to demonstrably larger (31%) or smaller bodied (15%) species. Furthermore, osteopathologies are almost exclusively described from skeletally mature individuals, and are best known from taxa of Jurassic age (78%), versus those from the Triassic (15%) or Cretaceous (7%); this likely reflects biases in the ichthyosaurian fossil record through time. Ichthyosaurs evince remarkable similarities in the types of observed skeletal damage relative to other ecologically similar marine amniotes – especially cetaceans and mosasaurid squamates, all of which potentially exhibited equivalent palaeoecological and/or behavioural adaptations for life in aqueous environments. Notably, however, the unusually low frequency of vertebral pathologies in ichthyosaurs is peculiar, and requires further investigation to establish significance.
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DOI:
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期刊:
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