Equatorial Undercurrent in Pacific Ocean Revealed by New Methods.
Equatorial Undercurrent in Pacific Ocean Revealed by New Methods.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.119.3097.648
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发表时间：
1954-05
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
T. Cromwell;R. B. Montgomery;E. Stroup
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Cromwell;R. B. Montgomery;E. Stroup
南赤道西流下赤道东流的迹象最初来自美国鱼类和野生动物服务局太平洋海洋渔业调查局船只上使用的长线渔具的漂移。1952年8月，从美国宇航局的休·M·史密斯考察船上直接观察到漂移的物体或“拖曳”，证明了在靠近赤道的中太平洋表层和上层温跃层的下部存在这种向东的流。抵抗力强，易于搬运和积载。一根装有雷达目标的杆子和一根装有旗帜和灯光的杆子连接在渔网的顺风端。深水拖曳(图2)类似于一种常见的海锚。每一个都由一个连接在铝合金环上的轻薄薄纱圆锥体组成，底部有重量，顶部有浮标，这样它就可以保持直立。直径0.72毫米的钢琴钢丝将深拖曳装置连接到两个流线型浮标上，一个在海面上，另一个略浸在水中。使用的拖拽环直径分别为3米和4米，太大了，无法回收，拖拽只能使用一次。电线杆的风阻阻止了表面阻力随水流的完全自由移动，而钢丝和浮标的水阻同样影响了深拖曳。正在确定将拖曳速度降低到当前速度的修正，并正在准备一份完整的数据和结果报告，以供以后发表。然而，现在可以用这些修正不会改变的术语来描述淹没的逆流。
Indications of an eastward current at the equator beneath the westward South Equatorial Current came originally from the drift of long-line fishing gear in use from vessels of the Pacific Oceanic Fishery Investigations of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Direct observation of drifting objects, or" drags," from the Service's research vessel Hugh M. Smith during Aug. 1952 proved the existence of this eastward current in the central Pacific near the equator in the lower part of the surface layer and upper thermocline. resistance with ease of handling and stowage. A pole carrying a radar target and one carrying a flag and light were attached to the downwind end of the nets. The deep drags (Fig. 2) were similar to a common form of sea anchor. Each consisted of a light muslin cone attached to an aluminum alloy hoop weighted at the bottom and buoyed at the top so that it would remain upright. Piano wire of diameter 0.72 mm joined the deep drag unit to two streamlined floats, one at the seasurface and the other slightly submerged. The drags used were 3 and 4 m in hoop diameter, so large that retrieval was impossible and a drag could be used only once. Wind resistance of the poles prevented perfectly free movement of the surface drag with the current, and water resistance of the wire and floats similarly affected the deep drags. Corrections to reduce the drag velocities to current velocities are being determined, and a complete account of the data and results is being prepared for later publication. However, the submierged countercurrent can be described now in terms that will not be alteredby these corrections.