Rainwater composition in eight arctic catchments in northern Europe (Finland, Norway and Russia)
Rainwater composition in eight arctic catchments in northern Europe (Finland, Norway and Russia)
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DOI：
10.1016/1352-2310(96)00197-5
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
C. Reimann;P. de Caritat;J. Halleraker;T. Volden;M. Äyräs;H. Niskavaara;V. Chekushin;V. Pavlov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Reimann;P. de Caritat;J. Halleraker;T. Volden;M. Äyräs;H. Niskavaara;V. Chekushin;V. Pavlov
1994年夏季在北欧的8个北极集水区(俄罗斯4个、芬兰3个、挪威1个)收集了每月的雨水样本，这些集水区与科拉半岛上俄罗斯镍矿石开采、焙烧和冶炼工业的排放物相距不同，风向也不同。在所有集水区的空地上放置了三个采样站，每个站有五个采样器。结果表明，在蒙切戈尔斯克冶炼厂附近，与芬兰的背景集水区相比，雨水中的镍(633x)、钴、铜、砷、钼、铝(36x)、钒、镉、锑、铅(11x)、锌、铁、锶、钠、S/硫酸(6x)、氯、铬、硒(4x)和银等元素含量非常丰富。元素的三种来源可以区分：自然粉尘、海雾和人为(烟囱排放和粉尘)。相关图和元素比率可以用来识别不同的工业过程，甚至一个冶炼厂的矿石进料变化。
Monthly rainwater samples were collected during the summer of 1994 in eight arctic catchments in northern Europe (four in Russia, three in Finland, one in Norway), at different distances and wind directions from the emissions of the Russian nickel ore mining, roasting and smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Three stations consisting of five samplers each were placed in open areas in all the catchments. Results show that close to the smelters in Monchegorsk, rainwater is strongly enriched in Ni (633 x), Co, Cu, As, Mo, Al (36 x), V, Cd, Sb, Pb (11 x), Zn, Fe, Sr, Na, S/SO4(6 x), Cl, Cr, Se (4 x) and Ag when compared to a Finnish background catchment. Three sources of elements can be differentiated: natural dust, sea spray and anthropogenic (smokestack emissions and dust). Correlation diagrams and element ratios can be used to identify the different industrial processes and even ore feed changes at one smelter.