Multistable inflatable origami structures at the metre scale
Multistable inflatable origami structures at the metre scale
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-03407-4
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发表时间：
2021-04-22
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Bertoldi, Katia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Melancon, David;Gorissen, Benjamin;Bertoldi, Katia
从体育场盖到太阳帆，我们依靠可部署性来设计大型结构，这些结构可以快速压缩到其尺寸的一小部分（1-4）。历史上，两种主要策略被用于设计可部署系统。第一种也是最常用的方法涉及包括相互连接的杆元件的机构，这些杆元件可以同步地伸展和缩回（5-7），偶尔通过伸缩元件（8，9）锁定就位。第二种策略利用可充气膜，其通过单个压力输入（10-12）变形成目标形状。然而，这两种策略都不能容易地用于提供能够在展开后锁定在适当位置的封闭域：将保护覆盖物集成在基于连杆的构造中是具有挑战性的，并且气动系统需要恒定的施加压力来保持其扩张形状（13-15）。在这里，我们从折纸的灵感-日本的折纸艺术-设计刚性壁可展开的结构，是多稳态和充气。在几何分析和实验的指导下，我们创建了一个可以通过单个流体压力输入部署的折纸形状库。然后，我们将这些单元结合起来，以米级建造功能性结构，如拱门和紧急避难所，为建造大型充气系统提供直接路线，这些系统在部署后锁定到位，并通过其坚硬的表面提供坚固的外壳。
From stadium covers to solar sails, we rely on deployability for the design of large-scale structures that can quickly compress to a fraction of their size(1-4). Historically, two main strategies have been used to design deployable systems. The first and most frequently used approach involves mechanisms comprising interconnected bar elements, which can synchronously expand and retract(5-7), occasionally locking in place through bistable elements(8,9). The second strategy makes use of inflatable membranes that morph into target shapes by means of a single pressure input(10-12.) Neither strategy, however, can be readily used to provide an enclosed domain that is able to lock in place after deployment: the integration of a protective covering in linkage-based constructions is challenging and pneumatic systems require a constant applied pressure to keep their expanded shape(13-15). Here we draw inspiration from origami-the Japanese art of paper folding-to design rigid-walled deployable structures that are multistable and inflatable. Guided by geometric analyses and experiments, we create a library of bistable origami shapes that can be deployed through a single fluidic pressure input. We then combine these units to build functional structures at the metre scale, such as arches and emergency shelters, providing a direct route for building large-scale inflatable systems that lock in place after deployment and offer a robust enclosure through their stiff faces.