Fertilization in the sea: the chemical identity of an abalone sperm attractant.
Fertilization in the sea: the chemical identity of an abalone sperm attractant.
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海洋中的受精：鲍鱼精子引诱剂的化学特性。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
R. Zimmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Riffell;P. Krug;R. Zimmer
精子和卵子之间的化学交流是介导有性繁殖的关键因素。导致精子定向并加速朝向卵子的溶解信号分子可能在受精成功中发挥关键作用，但这种化合物在很大程度上是未知的。本文研究了红鲍(Haliotis Rufescens)精子对同种卵释放到海水中的可溶性因子的行为反应。靠近活体卵子的精子游得明显更快，并朝向卵子表面。采用生物测定导向的分离方法分离该化学诱导剂，经反相和尺寸排斥高效液相色谱分离得到单一的纯的、完全有效的化合物。核磁共振光谱的化学表征表明，游离氨基酸L-色氨酸是红鳍金鱼的天然精子引诱剂。卵子释放L-色氨酸的浓度可以触发精子的激活和趋化作用，在低至10(-8)摩尔×L(-1)的水平下表现出显著的活性。色氨酸的D-异构体没有活性，表明精子反应是立体特异性的。5-羟色胺是一种强有力的神经调节剂和色氨酸代谢物，对精子的游泳速度和方向没有影响。在实验处理中，涉及色氨酸(10(-7)摩尔×L(-1))浓度升高，或添加色氨酸酶(一种选择性地消化色氨酸的酶)，精子无法导航到活卵子。因此，L-色氨酸的自然梯度是促进红鲍精子向卵子表面募集的必要条件和充分条件。
Chemical communication between sperm and egg is a key factor mediating sexual reproduction. Dissolved signal molecules that cause sperm to orient and accelerate towards an egg could play pivotal roles in fertilization success, but such compounds are largely undescribed. This investigation considered the behavioral responses of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) sperm to soluble factors released into sea water by conspecific eggs. Sperm in proximity to individual live eggs swam significantly faster and oriented towards the egg surface. Bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to isolate the chemoattractant, yielding a single pure, fully active compound after reversed-phase and size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. Chemical characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated that the free amino acid L-tryptophan was the natural sperm attractant in H. rufescens. Eggs released L-tryptophan at concentrations that triggered both activation and chemotaxis in sperm, exhibiting significant activity at levels as low as 10(-8) mol x l(-1). The D-isomer of tryptophan was inactive, showing that the sperm response was stereospecific. Serotonin, a potent neuromodulator and tryptophan metabolite, had no effect on sperm swim speeds or on orientation. In experimental treatments involving an elevated, uniform concentration of tryptophan (10(-7) mol x l(-1)) or the addition of tryptophanase, an enzyme that selectively digests tryptophan, sperm failed to navigate towards live eggs. A natural gradient of L-tryptophan was therefore necessary and sufficient to promote recruitment of sperm to the surface of eggs in red abalone.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Foltz,KR;Lennarz,WJ
通讯作者：
Lennarz,WJ
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Youn-Ho Lee;Tatsuya Ota;V. D. Vacquier
通讯作者：
Youn-Ho Lee;Tatsuya Ota;V. D. Vacquier
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Glennon, RA;Lee, M;Lee, DKH
通讯作者：
Lee, DKH
来自血清素激活的纤毛和鞭毛的动力蛋白：提取特征和 cAMP 依赖性蛋白磷酸化的不同位点。
影响因子：
4
作者：
Stephens,RE;Prior,G
通讯作者：
Prior,G
鲍鱼溶素的物种特异性序列，这是一种在卵子包膜上形成孔洞的精子蛋白。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.87.15.5792
发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Vacquier,VD;Carner,KR;Stout,CD
通讯作者：
Stout,CD