Prospects for photovoltaic efficiency enhancement using low-dimensional structures
Prospects for photovoltaic efficiency enhancement using low-dimensional structures
复制标题
利用低维结构提高光伏效率的前景
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Green
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Green
光伏太阳能电池的使用提供了一种将阳光转化为电能的优雅方式。光伏产业目前增长非常迅速，每年的复合增长率约为30%。能源转换效率是这项技术的关键参数，因为它直接影响材料和部署成本。传统的块状半导体太阳能电池的性能限制在33%左右，而将阳光转化为电能的热力学限制要高得多，为93%。低维结构似乎能够弥合大部分差距。与传统的效率提高方法相比，这些结构允许增加灵活性，例如基于“堆叠式”或串联电池的方法，其效率限制翻了一番，达到68%。也许更有趣的是，它们为全新的设备概念提供了空间，例如那些依赖于多个能带之间的激发和改进的“热载流子”单元的概念，这些概念提供了类似高性能的空间。
The use of photovoltaic solar cells provides an elegant way of converting sunlight to electricity. The photovoltaic industry is currently growing very rapidly, at a compounded rate of about 30% each year. Energy conversion efficiency is a key parameter with this technology since it directly impacts both material and deployment costs. The performance of the traditional bulk semiconductor solar cell is limited to about 33% while thermodynamic limits on the conversion of sunlight to electricity are much higher, at 93%. Low-dimensional structures appear capable of allowing much of this gap to be bridged. These structures allow increased flexibility with traditional efficiency enhancement approaches such as those based on `stacked' or tandem cells, which double efficiency limits to 68%. Perhaps more interestingly, they offer scope for completely new device concepts such as those relying on excitations between multiple energy bands and improved `hot-carrier' cells, that offer scope for similarly high performance.