ISOLATION OF INTRINSIC AND MOTOR MECHANISM OF THE MONKEY'S SPINAL CORD
ISOLATION OF INTRINSIC AND MOTOR MECHANISM OF THE MONKEY'S SPINAL CORD
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猴子脊髓的内在机制和运动机制的分离
DOI：
10.1152/jn.1941.4.5.388
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发表时间：
1941
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
H. Howe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. S. Tower;D. Bodian;H. Howe
脊髓的内在机制是由神经细胞和神经纤维组成的：所有起源和终止于脊髓内的神经纤维，以及所有产生这些纤维的神经细胞。这些纤维大部分组成了脐带的基底束或固有系统，据信从它们的起源水平向上或向下延伸不超过七段。但是，任何一种向脊髓灰质输送侧支的长的上行纤维，至少在最后一个这样的侧支被释放的地方，也必须被认为是该机制的一部分。相应地，这些细胞包括小细胞，如胶状质中的细胞和散布在灰质中的各种大小的联合细胞，它们可能只产生内在纤维，以及较大的细胞，它们产生长的上行系统，但其脊髓侧支进入该系统。此外，如果任何出现的腹根纤维将循环（高尔基体）侧枝送回灰质，那么它们的起源细胞和纤维向外并包括侧枝形成内的一部分。三重机械主义排除了长下行系统、后根的入根纤维、后根的入根纤维和后根的入根纤维。结束细胞a.为了分离脊髓的全部内在机制，需要在髓质末端切断神经轴，切断所有的脊髓后根和前根。这几乎是不切实际的。然而，要分离出一部分脊髓，只需将脊髓双横切（一段高，一段低），并切断两段脊髓之间的神经根。如果只切断感觉神经根，而运动神经根保持完整，就可以得到一种标本，只要脊髓的孤立区域存活下来，就可以研究内在脊髓机制中的许多功能和结构问题。幼犬的实验已经证明，它可以在手术造成的巨大创伤和被隔离数月的情况下存活下来（Tower，1937），并且对其中的一些问题进行了研究。本报告对3只接近成年的猕猴（Macaca mulatta）重复了实验，但在10天后被杀死。对分离的脊髓节段进行染色质溶解研究。
THE INTRINSIC MECHANISM of the spinal cord is compounded of nerve cells and nerve fibers: all the nerve fibers which both originate and terminate within the cord, and all the nerve cells giving rise to those fibers. The fibers in question for the most part compose the ground bundles or proprius system of the cord, running courses believed not to exceed seven segments up or down from their level of origin. But any of the long ascending fibers which send collaterals to the spinal grey matter must also be reckoned within the mechanism to the point, at least, where the last such collateral is given off. Correspondingly, the cells include small cells such as those in the substantia gelatinosa and the various sized association cells scattered throughout the grey which probably give rise only to intrinsic fibers, together with the larger cells which give rise to the long ascending systems but whose spinal collaterals enter into the system. Additionally, if any of the emerging ventral root fibers send recurrent (Golgi) collaterals back to the grey matter, then their cells of origin and fibers out to and including the collaterals form a part of the in. trinsic mech anism. Excluded are the long descending systems, the en tering fibers of the posterior roots, a. nd the cells a. nd fibers for the anterior roots when no collaterals are present.To isolate the entirety of the intrinsic mechanism of the cord would require transecting the neural axis at the end of the medulla and severing all posterior and anterior spinal roots. This is scarcely practicable. To isolate a portion of the mechanism requires, however, only a double transection of the cord (one section high, one section low), and severance of the roots between. If only the sensory roots be cut, the motor roots being left intact, a preparation might be obtained in which many problems of function and structure in the intrinsic cord mechanism could be investigated provided only that the isolated region of spinal cord survived. That it can survive both the considerable trauma of the operation and being so isolated for a period of months has already been demonstrated for puppies (Tower, 1937), and some of the problems have been examined. The present report deals with a repetition of the experiment on 3 nearly grown monkeys (Macaca mulatta), killed, however, after 10 d. ays or 2 weeks for chromatolysis studies on the isolated cord segments.