Investigating the determinants of segregation between schools
Investigating the determinants of segregation between schools
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调查学校之间隔离的决定因素
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
John Fitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Gorard;John Fitz
本文证实了自 1988 年以来英格兰和威尔士学校之间社会经济隔离的两个特征。首先，使用英格兰和威尔士所有学校有关家庭收入和特殊教育需求的数据可以清楚地看出，自 1988 年以来，学校之间的总体隔离一直在减少，因此随着时间的推移，学校的入学人数普遍变得更加混合。英格兰和威尔士以及小学和中学的特殊教育需求以及免费学校膳食的资格和使用情况都是如此。其次，不同地区之间的隔离以及隔离的变化存在差异。尽管大多数 LEA 的校际隔离现象显着下降，但有些没有变化，少数则显着增加。这里使用与家长对学校安置提出的越来越多的上诉以及不同地区提供的学校教育的多样性有关的数据，对这些差异的一种可能的解释进行了测试。这一有趣的结果表明，无论推动英格兰和威尔士持续废除种族隔离的因素是什么，这些变化主要并不是由市场力量造成的。它们更有可能是由于社会和人口变化，加上地方当局重组和其他更具体的地方因素造成的。同样明显的是，至少对于某些地区来说，更大的平等是“贫困的平等”。因此，这些发现对那些认为种族隔离正在加剧并且这是一种市场现象的观察者来说是一个双重挑战。
This paper confirms two characteristics of socio-economic segregation between schools since 1988 in England and Wales. First, using figures from all schools in England and Wales relating to family income and special educational needs, it is made clear that overall segregation between schools has been declining since 1988 so that schools are generally becoming more mixed in their intakes over time. This is true of special educational needs and eligibility for, and takeup of, free school meals in both England and Wales, and at primary as well as secondary level. Second, there are variations in segregation, and in the changes to that segregation, between different regions. Although most LEAs show a marked decline in between-school segregation, some show no change and a few show a marked increase. One possible explanation for these differences is tested here, using figures relating to the growing number of parental appeals against school placement, and the diversity of schooling available in different regions. The intriguing result suggests that whatever is driving the ongoing desegregation in England and Wales the changes are not primarily due to market forces. They are more likely to be due to social and demographic changes, coupled with local authority reorganization and other more specifically local factors. It is also clear that, for some regions at least, the greater equality is an ‘equality of poverty’. These findings are therefore a double challenge to observers who feel that segregation is increasing and that this is a market phenomenon.