A biomechanical perspective on stress fiber structure and function.
A biomechanical perspective on stress fiber structure and function.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.04.006
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kumar S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kassianidou E;Kumar S
应力纤维是基于肌动球蛋白的束，其结构和收缩特性是许多细胞过程的基础，包括粘附、运动和机械传感。高分辨率活细胞成像和单细胞力测量的最新进展极大地加深了我们对各种特殊应力纤维亚群的组装、连接和进化的理解。这反过来又激发了人们对了解单个应力纤维如何产生张力并支持细胞结构和力产生的兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了测量单应力纤维机械性能的方法。我们首先讨论在无细胞环境中进行的研究，包括基于分离完整应力纤维和从纯化成分中重建应力纤维样结构的策略。然后，我们讨论基于从全细胞机械测量（例如原子力显微镜）推断应力纤维特性和直接询问单应力纤维（例如亚细胞激光纳米手术）在活细胞中获得的测量结果。最后，我们回顾了基于这些实验测量而开发的各种应力纤维函数数学模型。该领域未来的一个重要挑战是将这些复杂的生物物理测量与该领域对应力纤维组装、动力学和信号转导的日益详细的分子理解相结合。本文是题为“机械生物学”的特刊的一部分。
Stress fibers are actomyosin-based bundles whose structural and contractile properties underlie numerous cellular processes including adhesion, motility and mechanosensing. Recent advances in high-resolution live-cell imaging and single-cell force measurement have dramatically sharpened our understanding of the assembly, connectivity, and evolution of various specialized stress fiber subpopulations. This in turn has motivated interest in understanding how individual stress fibers generate tension and support cellular structure and force generation. In this review, we discuss approaches for measuring the mechanical properties of single stress fibers. We begin by discussing studies conducted in cell-free settings, including strategies based on isolation of intact stress fibers and reconstitution of stress fiber-like structures from purified components. We then discuss measurements obtained in living cells based both on inference of stress fiber properties from whole-cell mechanical measurements (e.g., atomic force microscopy) and on direct interrogation of single stress fibers (e.g., subcellular laser nanosurgery). We conclude by reviewing various mathematical models of stress fiber function that have been developed based on these experimental measurements. An important future challenge in this area will be the integration of these sophisticated biophysical measurements with the field’s increasingly detailed molecular understanding of stress fiber assembly, dynamics, and signal transduction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mechanobiology.